上游充通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1、碳循环 Atmospheric C02 Human activities Land Animals and Dissolved plants microorganisms C02 Aquatic plants and Aquatic algae animals Death and Fossil Humus mineralization fuels Soil in sediments formation Rock Earth's crust formation 碳循环与氧循环密切相关 上海交大生命学院陈峰
Shanghai Jiao Tong University 1、碳循环 碳循环与氧循环密切相关 上海交大生命学院陈峰
上泽克通大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2、氨循环 Nitrification NO2 N2 黄色表示氧 化过程；红 Assimilation. NH2 groups Assimilation Nitrogen of protein_ fixation 色表示还原 NO3 过程 monificatioo NH3 Oxic Anoxic NH,groupssimilation NO2 of protein Ammonification Nitrogen fixation NO, N2O N2 Denitrification
Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2、氮循环 黄色表示氧 化过程；红 色表示还原 过程 上海交大生命学院陈峰
Key Processes and Prokaryotes in the Nitrogen Cycle Processes Example organisms 硝化 Nitrification (NH,+>NO2) NH4t→NO2 Nitrosomonas NO2→NO3 Nitrobacter 反硝化 Denitrification (NO3->N2) Bacillus,Paracoccus, Pseudomonas 固氨 N,Fixation (N2 8H->NH3 H) Free-living Aerobic Azotobacter Cyanobacteria Anaerobic Clostridium,purple and green bacteria Symbiotic Rhizobium Bradyrhizobium Frankia 氨化 Ammonification (organic-N->NH") Many organisms can do this
硝化 反硝化 固氮 氨化
上游充互大学 Shanghai Jiao Tong University 3、硫循环 Chemolithotrophic oxidation 黄色表示氧 化过程；红 te assimilation SH groups of proteins Desulfurylation 色表示还原 Oxic 过程 DMSO≥DMS Anoxic S042 Sulfate reduction H2S Suirate assimiltio DMSO≥DMS esulfurylation SH groups of proteins Sulfur sproportionio So reduction So
Shanghai Jiao Tong University 3、硫循环 黄色表示氧 化过程；红 色表示还原 过程 上海交大生命学院陈峰
Key Processes and Prokaryotes in the Sulfur Cycle Process Organisms Sulfide/sulfur oxidation (H2S→S0→SO,2） Sulfur chemolithotrophs 硫的氧化 Aerobic (Thiobacillus,Beggiatoa,many others) Anaerobic Purple and green phototrophic bacteria,some chemolithotrophs Sulfate reduction (anaerobic)(SO2-->H2S) 硫的还原 Desulfovibrio,Desulfobacter, Sulfur reduction(anaerobic)(S-H2S) Desulfuromonas,many hyperthermophilic Archaea Sulfur disproportionation(S2O32→H2S+SO42)硫的歧化反应 Thiosulfate Desulfovibrio,and others Organic sulfur compound oxidation or reduction(CHSH-CO2+H2S) (DMSO→DMS) Desulfurylation (organic-S->H2S) 脱硫 Many organisms can do this
硫的氧化 硫的还原 硫的歧化反应 Thiosulfate 脱硫