ArchitectureofProteinsShape -globular or fibrousThelevelsofproteinstructure-Primary-sequence-Secondary-local structures-H-bonds-Tertiary-overall3-dimensional shape- Quaternary - subunit organization
Architecture of Proteins Shape – globular or fibrous The levels of protein structure - Primary - sequence - Secondary - local structures - H-bonds - Tertiary - overall 3-dimensional shape - Quaternary - subunit organization
Primary structureLy*H,N-Order of amino acids in chainMGgaaaTrLeAmino acid sequence determined by gene (DNA)Slight change in amino acid sequence can affectnaprotein's structure and it's functionGaonotCAoA5.4even just one amino acid change can make allPrthe difference!a.Al Ser VdoarLeL OTa
Primary structure Order of amino acids in chain Amino acid sequence determined by gene (DNA) Slight change in amino acid sequence can affect protein’s structure and it’s function even just one amino acid change can make all the difference!
一0-0-AHfreeaminogroup,N-terminusoThe primary protein structureis the chain of amino acids00000that makes up the protein.b000000tree carboxyt group,aminoacidsC-terminus88ptidebondsSer0000000amino.groupNHo-COOHH-CacidicRDRgroupgroupamino acid
Insulin(disulfidebridgesAChainBChainCysteine residues are capable of being oxidized
Insulin (disulfide bridges) Cysteine residues are capable of being oxidized
What forces determine the structure?Primary structure - determined by covalent bonds Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary structuresall determined byweakforcesWeakforces-H-bonds,ionicinteractions,vanderWaalsinteractions,hydrophobicinteractions
What forces determine the structure? Primary structure - determined by covalent bonds Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary structures —— all determined by weak forces Weak forces - H-bonds, ionic interactions, van der Waals interactions, hydrophobic interactions