Isem fudan. edu.cn 人辱实验室安全教育与管理平台 NT PLATFORM FUDAN UNVERSITY 通知公告安全知识 安全教育 规章制度 政策法规 频专区 下载专区 快速通道 Fast track 首页>安全知识>通识类 安全考试系统 实验室安全手册 日期:2016-06-12点击数:8677 危化品管理系统 实验室安全手册 4W圈函 安全知识 通识类 化学实验室安全 物安全 图辐射安全 特种设备安全 孩只大 激光安全 美实验室废弃物处理
乡 验室安全手册 、实验室安全基本知识 1.实验室安全的基本要求 安全知识 Knowledge 1)凡是进入实验室工作的人员均要参加安全 通识类 培训,新进实验室人员必须安全考试合格 后方可从事实验室工作 责任重于泰 化学实验室安全 2)要指定人员负责实验室的日常安全工作,3 全重在防患 严格遵守国家和学校的有关规定,并根据 生物安全 实验工作特点制订具体的安全管理制度 辐射安全 张贴或悬挂在醒目处,严格执行。有危险性的场所、设备、设施、物品及技术操作 要有警示标识。实验室要配备必需的安全防护用品和用具 特种设备安全 3)不得乱拉电线及私自使用电热器,禁止超负荷用电,确保安全用电。严禁在实验室 内用煤气、电炉等设备烹调食物、热饭菜、取暖。下班离室前,应切断或关闭水 实验室废弃物处理 电、煤气及其它可燃气体阀门,并关好门窗 激光安全 4)要有仪器设备使用的管理制度、操作规程及注意事项等,仪器设备操作人员要先经 过培训,并按要求进行操作和使用仪器设备。对于特殊岗位和特种设备操作者,须 大型仪器设备安全 经过相应的培训,持证上岗。 5)剧毒、易制毒、易制爆等危险化学品和放射性同位素及射线装置必须严格按国家和 安全事故应急处理 学校的有关规定管理,在领取、保管、使用以及废弃物处理等环节要有完整的记 卫生与营养保健 6)消防器材要放在明显和便于取用的位置 不准随意移动或损坏室内消防器材。实验 室周围的过道、应急出口等处不准堆放物 7)发现安全隐患或发生安全事故及时采取适 当措施,并报告实验室负责人
4.2防爆常识 1)严禁在开口容器或密闭体系中用明火加热有机溶 剂。注意:若用明火加热易燃有机溶剂时,须有 蒸气冷凝装置或合适的尾气排放装置 2)严禁将锂、钠、钾等活泼金属与水接触,废钠通 常用乙醇销毁 3)可燃易燃气体钢瓶应配置报警装置,以防气体大量溢入室内,保持室内通风良好, 严禁使用明火。 4)开启贮有易挥发液体的瓶盖时,须先充分冷却,然后开启。开启时瓶口应指向无人处。 5)存放药品,应将有机药品和强氧化剂(如氩酸钾、浓硝酸、过氧化物等)分开存放。 4.3灭火方式及灭火器的使用 火灾的类型及灭火方式 分类名称 灭火方式 固体火灾含碳固体可焾物,如木材、棉毛、麻、可用水型灭火器、泡沫灭火器、干粉 (A类)纸张等有机物质燃烧造成的火灾。灭火器、卤代烷灭火器 液体、可熔化如汽油、煤油、柴油、甲醇、沥青 固体物质火灾和石蜡等燃烧造成的火灾。火势易可用干粉灭火器、泡沫灭火器、卤代 (B类) 随燃烧液体流动,燃烧猛烈,已发烷灭火器、二氧化碳灭火器 生爆炸、爆燃或喷溅,不易扑救 气体火灾可燃烧气体,如煤气、天然气、甲应先关闭气体输送阀门或管道,切断 (C类 烷等燃烧的火灾,常引起爆燃或爆电源,再冷却灭火,可用干粉灭火 炸,破坏性极大,且难以扑救 器、卤代烷灭火器 可用干沙式、铸铁粉末或氯化钠干粉 金属火灾指可燃的活泼金属,如钾、钠、镁金属火灾专用灭火器(忌用水、泡 (D类) 等燃物的火灾,多因遇湿和遇高温 自燃引起的。 沫、水性物质,也不能用二氧化碳及 干粉灭火器)。 带电火灾指带电设备燃烧的火灾,如配电可用二氧化碳、干粉、卤代烷灭火器 (E类)盘、变电室、弱电设备间等的火灾 (禁止用水),灭火时应先断电或与 带电体保持安全距离
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