The phosphoglycerate kinase catalyzes the direct transfer of the anhydride phosphate in 1, 3-BPG to an adp to generate an ATP; this is called the substrate-level phosphorylation; 1, 3-BPG is a high energy intermediate that leads to atp formation The phosphoglycerate mutase catalyzes the shift of 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate is both a coenzyme for the Lo c-2 phosphoryl group on 3-phosphoglycerate from C-3 mutase and an intermediate for the reaction a his residue on the mutase takes phosphoryl group from C-3 of 2, 3 BPG and adds it to C-2 of 3-phosphoglycerate, thus forming a phosphorylation cycle; this mutase act in a very similar way as phosphoglucomutase
• The phosphoglycerate kinase catalyzes the direct transfer of the anhydride phosphate in 1,3-BPG to an ADP to generate an ATP; this is called the substrate-level phosphorylation; 1,3-BPG is a high energy intermediate that leads to ATP formation. • The phosphoglycerate mutase catalyzes the shift of phosphoryl group on 3-phosphoglycerate from C-3 to C-2; 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate is both a coenzyme for the mutase and an intermediate for the reaction; a His residue on the mutase takes phosphoryl group from C-3 of 2,3- BPG and adds it to C-2 of 3-phosphoglycerate, thus forming a phosphorylation cycle; this mutase act in a very similar way as phosphoglucomutase
Enolase(烯醇酶) catalyzes the elimination of a h2 O from 2-phosphoglycerate to generate phosphoenolglycerate (PEP) with the transfer potential of the phosphoryl group dramatically increased(4G0 changed from.6 to 61.9 kJ/mol) The pyruvate kinase(named for the reverse reaction) catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group on pep to adp to form another molecule of atp by substrate-level phosphorylation"', enolpyruvate is formed and is quickly tautomerized to pyruvate(丙酮酸
• Enolase (烯醇酶) catalyzes the elimination of a H2O from 2-phosphoglycerate to generate phosphoenolglycerate (PEP) with the transfer potential of the phosphoryl group dramatically increased ( G 0` changed from –17.6 to – 61.9 kJ/mol). • The pyruvate kinase (named for the reverse reaction) catalyzes the transfer of the phosphoryl group on PEP to ADP to form another molecule of ATP by “substrate-level phosphorylation”; enolpyruvate is formed and is quickly tautomerized to pyruvate (丙酮酸)
A net gain of two ATP, two NADH, two pyruvates are resulted when a glucose molecule is oxidized via the glycolysis pathway Glucose +2 ADP +2P. +2NAD+-> 2 pyruvate+ 2ATP+2H,O+2NADH+2H+
• A net gain of two ATP, two NADH, two pyruvates are resulted when a glucose molecule is oxidized via the glycolysis pathway: Glucose + 2 ADP + 2Pi + 2NAD+→ 2 pyruvate + 2ATP + 2H2O + 2NADH + 2H+
0-P-0-CH? HO-CHa ATP ADP 日是M, H H HO\OH H/ oR reversible hexokinase OH H HO H OH H OH Glucose in cells Glucose-6-phosphate △G°=-16.7kJ/mol Hexokinase Glucose nduced fit
Hexokinase Glucose Induced fit Irreversible in cells
0 An aldose An ketos 0-P-0CH2 0 0 0-P-0-CH H H H CHOE 0 OH H H HO A HO hosphohexose OH Isomerase H Reversible H OH OH H Glucose-6-phosphate Fructose-6-phosphate △GP=17M
Reversible An aldose An ketose