Recognition of functiona groups官能团 ■ 含氮化合物Containing Nitrogen: ●胺Amines:RNH2R2NH,R3N,(R4N+X-) 0 亚胺Imines:-C=NH,-C=NR; ●) Nitrile:RCN (-CN,cyano group ● 硝基Nitro compounds R-NO2 ●亚f硝基Nitroso compounds R-NO ●偶氮和重氮化合物一N=N一，一N三N+ ●硝酸酯R-ONO2 ●亚硝酸酯R-ONO
College Recognition of functional of Science groups 官能团 含氮化合物 Containing Nitrogen: z 胺 Amines: RNH2, R2NH, R3N, （R4N+X-） z 亚胺 Imines: -C=NH, -C=NR; z 腈 Nitrile: RCN (-CN, cyano group ) z 硝基 Nitro compounds R-NO2 z 亚硝基 Nitroso compounds R-NO z偶氮和重氮化合物 －N=N－，－N三N＋ z硝酸酯 R-ONO2 z亚硝酸酯 R-ONO
官能团 College ■Containing halogen ●Alkyl Halidesδ+R-Xδ→R++X Containing Sulfur ●磺酸一S03H; ●硫醇Thiols ●硫酚Thiophenol一SH
College 官能团 of Science Containing halogen zAlkyl Halides δ+R-X δ- R+ + X- Containing Sulfur z磺酸 －SO3H； z硫醇 Thiols z硫酚 Thiophenol－SH
官能团 col/e ■ Containing Phosphorus Containing Boron ■ Containing Silicon ■Other compounds: Heterocyclic compounds,Fats,Lipids ■Carbohydrates Amino acids;peptides;Proteins
College 官能团 of Science Containing Phosphorus Containing Boron Containing Silicon Other compounds: Heterocyclic compounds ,Fats,Lipids Carbohydrates Amino acids; peptides; Proteins
Structures of Some Common Functional Groups Name Structure* Name ending Example Alkene -ene H2C=CH2 (double bond) Ethene Alkyne -CC- -yne HC=CH (triple bond) Ethyne Arene None (aromatic ring) Benzene Halide None CH3Cl Chloromethane (X F,Cl,Br,I) Alcohol OH -ol CH3OH Methanol Ether X ether CH3OCH3 Dimethyl ether
Monophosphate phosphate CH3OPO32- Methyl phosphate Diphosphate diphosphate CH3OP2O64- Methyl diphosphate Amine -amine CH3NH2 Methylamine Imine None NH (Schiff base) CH3CCH3 Acetone imine Nitrile -nitrile CH3C=N Ethanenitrile Thiol SH -thiol CH3SH Methanethiol *The bonds whose connections aren't specified are assumed to be attached to carbon or hydrogen atoms in the rest of the molecule