大气透射图 Absorption Absorption 100% 0% Visible Infrared "window" "window" Opaque (total blockage] Ozone and ordinary oxygen Water and Electric charges in in atmosphere block carbon dioxide Radio in atmosphere block "window" upper atmosphere completely block completely Clear nearly completely Ino blockagel 0.1 nm 1 nm 10 nm 100 nm 1 um 10 um 100 um 1 mm 1 cm 10cm I m 10m 100m Xrays Ultraviolet Infrared Radio Short wavelengths Wavelength- Long wavelengths Ultraviolet radiation absorbed by ozone Radio waves in upper atmosphere Xays absorbed Ozone layer Visible light posses lfrated mosy through atmosphere absorbed by water vopor and carbon dioxide Optical telescope Radio telescope 23
大气透射图 Absorption 100% Absorption 0 % 23
大气吸收影响 X-rays and Ultraviolet Infrared Microwaves Radio Decameter and 400 Gamma rays Visible and kilometer waves near-infrared 200 VVVVVVVVPR Electrons in the ionosphere 1 80 60 m Ozone Atoms and 40 molecules of oxygen and nitrogen 20 Water vapor, carbon dioxide onmmcmcmmomm 1A10A 100A 1000A 1um 10um 100um 1mm 1cm 10cm 1m 10m100m1km Wlaunlonnth 24
大气吸收影响 24
Windows to the Universe Most of the visible light intrared spectrum Long-wavelength Gamma rays.X-rays and ultraviolet observable Radio waves observable absorbed by radio waves light blocked by the upper atmosphere from Earth, from Earth atmospherlc blocked (best observed from spacel. with some gasses (best atmospheric observed distortion from space). 10阳% 50% ain的1n 16 am 106 ame I am 10 pm 196 pne 1mm 1em 16mm m 1dm 1随m1 Waveleagtb Wikipedia 25
Windows to the Universe 25
射电波段的粗略划分 依波长划分 米波，厘米波，毫米波， 亚毫米波（远红外） 依频率划分 HF 30 MHz VHF 30 300 MHz UHF 300 1000MHz Microwave 1000---3000MHz (毫米波mm) 30--- 300 GHz (亚毫米波Sub-mm) 300---1000GHz 26
射电波段的粗略划分 依波长划分 米波, 厘米波, 毫米波, 亚毫米波 (远红外) 依频率划分 HF < 30 MHz VHF 30 ---- 300 MHz UHF 300 ---- 1000MHz Microwave 1000---3000MHz (毫米波 mm) 30 --- 300 GHz (亚毫米波 Sub-mm) 300---1000GHz 26
常用到的典型的厘米波段和长毫米波段 L波段 20厘米/1.4GHz S波段 10厘米/2.3GHz C波段 6厘米/5GHz X波段 3厘米/8.4GHz Ku波段 2厘米/15GHz K波段 1厘米/22GHz Ka波段 9毫米/32GHz Q波段 7毫米/43GHz W波段 3毫米/86GHz 27
L波段 20厘米/1.4 GHz S波段 10厘米/2.3 GHz C波段 6厘米/5 GHz X波段 3厘米/8.4 GHz Ku波段 2厘米/15 GHz K波段 1厘米/22 GHz Ka波段 9毫米/32 GHz Q波段 7毫米/43 GHz W波段 3毫米/86 GHz 27 常用到的典型的厘米波段和长毫米波段