4、国际商法相关的主要国际商事惯例 a Warsaw-Oxford rules 1932 b Revised American foreign trade definitions 1941 C INCOTERMS 2000 ·d.UCP600
• 4、国际商法相关的主要国际商事惯例 • a. Warsaw-Oxford Rules 1932 • b. Revised American Foreign Trade Definitions 1941 • c. INCOTERMS 2000 • d. UCP600
二、 Domestic business law 各国的商事立法 The national sources of international business law are business laws found within the legal systems of different countries 方面,国际条约、国际惯例的适用、效力皆来自 于国内立法的规定;另一方面,国内法也直接调整 国际贸易或商事关系。再者,当事人从事跨国经贸 和商事活动,也可能选择某国的国内法作为准则 此时该商事关系的内容、当事人之间的权利义务等 就由该国内法进行调整
• 三、Domestic Business Law • 各国的商事立法 • The national sources of international business law are business laws found within the legal systems of different countries. • 一方面，国际条约、国际惯例的适用、效力皆来自 于国内立法的规定；另一方面，国内法也直接调整 国际贸易或商事关系。再者，当事人从事跨国经贸 和商事活动，也可能选择某国的国内法作为准则， 此时该商事关系的内容、当事人之间的权利义务等 就由该国内法进行调整
第四节两大法系的特点 英美法系( Common-Law System) Common law refers to law and the corresponding legal system developed through decisions of courts and similar tribunals rather than through legislative statutes or executive action 其形成于英国,主要代表是英国和美国,其 他国家和地区还有加拿大、澳大利亚、马来 西亚、爱尔兰、新加坡、巴基斯坦、我国香 港地区等等
第四节 两大法系的特点 • 一、英美法系 （Common-Law System） • Common law refers to law and the corresponding legal system developed through decisions of courts and similar tribunals,rather than through legislative statutes or executive action. • 其形成于英国，主要代表是英国和美国，其 他国家和地区还有加拿大、澳大利亚、马来 西亚、爱尔兰、新加坡、巴基斯坦、我国香 港地区等等
Common Law developed from the rules and principles that judges traditionally followed in deciding court cases Judges based their decisions on earlier court rulings in similar cases. But judges could expand precedents to make them suit particular cases Judges could also reject any precedents that they considered to be in error or outdated Common law countries have kept the basic feature of he english legal system, which is the power of judges to make laws
• Common Law developed from the rules and principles that judges traditionally followed in deciding court cases. • Judges based their decisions on earlier court rulings in similar cases. But judges could expand precedents to make them suit particular cases. • Judges could also reject any precedents that they considered to be in error or outdated. • Common law countries have kept the basic feature of the English legal system, which is the power of judges to make laws
大陆法系(Ci- aw System) 大陆法系,又称民法法系( civil law system)、罗马-日 耳曼法系或成文法s指欧洲大陆大部分国家 19 罗马法为基础建工起来的、 1804年 《法国民法典》和1896年《德国民法典》为代表的 法律制度以及其他国家或地区仿效这种制度血建立 的法律制度。是西方国家中与英美法系并列的渊 源久远和影响较天的法系。 Civil law is often compared with common law the main difference is that common law draws abstract rules from specific cases, whereas civil law starts with abstract rules, which judges must then apply to the various cases before them
• 二、大陆法系 （Civil-Law System) • 大陆法系，又称民法法系(civil law system)、罗马－日 耳曼法系或成文法系。指包括欧洲大陆大部分国家 从19世纪初以罗马法为基础建立起来的、以1804年 《法国民法典》和1896年《德国民法典》为代表的 法律制度以及其他国家或地区仿效这种制度而建立 的法律制度。它是西方国家中与英美法系并列的渊 源久远和影响较大的法系。 • Civil law is often compared with common law. The main difference is that common law draws abstract rules from specific cases, whereas civil law starts with abstract rules, which judges must then apply to the various cases before them