These parameters are macroscopic quantitieS(y AEt), which are called as state parameter of the system (P,V,T)
These parameters are macroscopic quantities(宏观 量）, which are called as state parameter of the system. (P,V ,T )
2 Equilibrium state(平衡) and equilibrium process The gas, mass of m, is contained in a vessel(容器) and has a (V,P,T) volume of V. If the gas has a same pressure and temperature everywhere, the gas is said to be in an equilibrium state 力学平衡 化学平衡:m对气体的平衡态:(P,V,T) 热学平衡:T
(V,P,T) 2. Equilibrium state（平衡） and Equilibrium process The gas, mass of m, is contained in a vessel（容器） and has a volume of V. If the gas has a same p r e ss u r e a n d t e m p e r a t u r e everywhere, the gas is said to be in an equilibrium state. 力学平衡：P 化学平衡：m 热学平衡：T 对气体的平衡态：（P，V，T）
A system(gas)in equilibrium state can be described by its state parameters (P, v,t) among which there is a relationship(R). In some cases, it is simple enough that it can be expressed(表示成)in the form of an equation (V,PT) f(P,V,T)=0 Hence there are two variables to be independent
A system(gas) in equilibrium state can be described by its state parameters(P,V,T) among which there is a relationship(关系). In some cases, it is simple enough that it can be expressed（表示成） in the form of an equation f (P,V ,T ) 0 Hence, there are two variables to be independent. (V,P,T)
a equilibrium state can be represented by a dot (A) on the pressure-volume diagram(briefly p-v diagram), shown in the following Figure PT (7 a o(,6,TB 状态变化
A equilibrium state can be represented by a dot （点） on the pressure—volume diagram (briefly p-V diagram), shown in the following Figure P (V,P,T) V a o ( , , ) Pa Va Ta b ( , , ) Pb Vb Tb 状态变化
(P, Va, (P bb5 T) T-P图 T bo(Pb, b,Tb) VT图
P T a o b ( , , ) Pa Va Ta ( , , ) Pb Vb Tb T a o b ( , , ) Pa Va Ta ( , , ) V Pb Vb Tb T-P图 V-T图