IUPAC Names 0 Find the longest continuous carbon chain. Number the carbons,starting closest to the first branch. Name the groups attached to the chain, using the carbon number as the locator. Alphabetize substituents. Use di-,tri-,etc.,for multiples of same substituent. > Chapter 3 6
Chapter 3 6 IUPAC Names • Find the longest continuous carbon chain. • Number the carbons, starting closest to the first branch. • Name the groups attached to the chain, using the carbon number as the locator. • Alphabetize substituents. • Use di-, tri-, etc., for multiples of same substituent. =>
Longest Chain The number of carbons in the longest chain determines the base name: ethane,hexane.(Listed in Table 3.2, page 82.) If there are two possible chains with the same number of carbons,use the chain with the most substituents. HC、 CH-CH2-CH3 CH3 H3C-CH2-C- CH CH2-CH2-CH3 CH3 Chapter 3 >
Chapter 3 7 Longest Chain • The number of carbons in the longest chain determines the base name: ethane, hexane. (Listed in Table 3.2, page 82.) • If there are two possible chains with the same number of carbons, use the chain with the most substituents. C CH3 CH2 CH3 CH CH2 CH2 CH3 CH CH2 CH3 H3C H3C =>
Number the Carbons Start at the end closest to the first attached group. If two substituents are equidistant,look for the next closest group. CH3 3 CH3 4 5 H3C-CH-CH-CH2一CH2一CH-CH 2 CH2CH: 67 Chapter 3 8
Chapter 3 8 Number the Carbons • Start at the end closest to the first attached group. • If two substituents are equidistant, look for the next closest group. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 H3 C CH CH3 CH CH2 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH CH3 CH3 =>
Name Alkyl Groups ·CH3,methyl ·CH3CH2,ethyl CH3 CH3一CH-CH2 ·CH3CH2CH2,n-propyl isobutyl CHaCH2CH2CH2-,n-butyl CH3 CH3-CH-CH3 CH3-CH-CH2-CH3 H;C-C-CH3 isopropyl sec-butyl tert-butyl => Chapter 3 9
Chapter 3 9 Name Alkyl Groups • CH3 -, methyl • CH3CH2 -, ethyl • CH3CH2CH2 -, n-propyl • CH3CH2CH2CH2 -, n-butyl CH3 CH CH2 CH3 sec-butyl CH3 CH CH3 CH2 isobutyl CH3 CH CH3 isopropyl H3 C C CH3 CH3 tert-butyl =>
Propyl Groups HHH HHH HHH H n-propyl isopropyl A primary carbon A secondary carbon => Chapter 3 10
Chapter 3 10 Propyl Groups C H H H C H H C H H H n-propyl C H H H C H C H H H isopropyl H A primary carbon A secondary carbon =>