海上专业实验教学资源（书籍文献）轮机航行实习.pdf_P11-P15

第一章船舶概况Chapter1GeneralIntroduction toShips第一节船舶分类和实习船简介一、船舶分类众所周知，船舶是运送旅客和货物的水上运输工具，随着人类科学技术和社会经济生产的发展，对水上运输的需求也日益增多，需要建造各种类型的船舶方能满足对水上运输不断增长的要求。目前，世界上船舶的类型是多种多样的，要正确的划分其类别比较困难，通常以船舶的主要技术营运特征进行船舶的分类，此外，也可以按照船舶的用途、行驶方法、航行区域、建造材料、推进方式、动力装置和航行状态等进行分类。1：按船舶用途可分为：专用于运输旅客的客船：兼运旅客和货物的客货船：专用于运输货物的货船；专用于运输冷冻产品的冷藏船：用于拖带或顶推驳船的拖（顶）轮：无动力装置的载客、货的驳船；捕鱼及加工的渔船：从事水中工程的工程船：进行服务性或专业性工作的工作船及军舰等。2.按行驶方式可分为：本身装有发动机和推进器，可独自行驶的机动船，又称自航船；无动力装置，需依靠其他船舶推动或风帆、桨行驶的非机动船，又称为非自航船。3.按航行区域可分为：行驶无限航区的远洋船：行驶于距岸25海里以外邻近国际间港口的近海船；沿岸航行的沿海船；行驶于江、河、湖泊的内河船；在港内进行作业的港作船等。4.按船体材料可分为：木船、钢船、铝合金船、钢筋水泥船和塑料船等。5.按动力装置可分为：蒸汽机船、内燃机船、汽轮机船、电动船和核动力船等。6．按推进方式可分为：明轮船、螺旋桨船、平旋推进器船、喷气推进船等。7.按航行状态可分为：靠排水而浮手水面的排水型船：靠水翼的升力而浮手水面的水翼船：靠排出气流将船体托出水面的气垫船等。二、“玉龙山”轮简介类型：散装船224M船舶总长：型深：18.35 M总登记吨位：35530t净登记吨位：19897t载重量：64443 t满载排水量：75250 t13.35M夏季载重吃水：船舶制造厂：日本三菱重工株式会社建造日期：1980年3月主机型号：MHI-SULZERRND76/155轴功率：10290kW工作转速：122RPM营运航速：额定14节，常用12.2节螺旋桨：定距浆、5叶、直径5.8M、螺距4.11M广州船籍港：船东：中海发展股份有限公司

第一章船舶概况 Chapter 1 General Introduction to Ships 第一节船舶分类和实习船简介一、船舶分类众所周知, 船舶是运送旅客和货物的水上运输工具，随着人类科学技术和社会经济生产的发展，对水上运输的需求也日益增多，需要建造各种类型的船舶方能满足对水上运输不断增长的要求。目前，世界上船舶的类型是多种多样的，要正确的划分其类别比较困难，通常以船舶的主要技术营运特征进行船舶的分类，此外，也可以按照船舶的用途、行驶方法、航行区域、建造材料、推进方式、动力装置和航行状态等进行分类。 1．按船舶用途可分为：专用于运输旅客的客船；兼运旅客和货物的客货船；专用于运输货物的货船；专用于运输冷冻产品的冷藏船；用于拖带或顶推驳船的拖（顶）轮；无动力装置的载客、货的驳船；捕鱼及加工的渔船；从事水中工程的工程船；进行服务性或专业性工作的工作船及军舰等。 2．按行驶方式可分为：本身装有发动机和推进器，可独自行驶的机动船，又称自航船；无动力装置，需依靠其他船舶推动或风帆、桨行驶的非机动船，又称为非自航船。 3．按航行区域可分为：行驶无限航区的远洋船；行驶于距岸 25 海里以外邻近国际间港口的近海船；沿岸航行的沿海船；行驶于江、河、湖泊的内河船；在港内进行作业的港作船等。 4．按船体材料可分为：木船、钢船、铝合金船、钢筋水泥船和塑料船等。 5．按动力装置可分为：蒸汽机船、内燃机船、汽轮机船、电动船和核动力船等。 6．按推进方式可分为：明轮船、螺旋桨船、平旋推进器船、喷气推进船等。 7．按航行状态可分为：靠排水而浮于水面的排水型船；靠水翼的升力而浮于水面的水翼船；靠排出气流将船体托出水面的气垫船等。二、“玉龙山”轮简介类型：散装船船舶总长： 224M 型深： 18.35 M 总登记吨位： 35530 t 净登记吨位： 19897 t 载重量： 64443 t 满载排水量： 75250 t 夏季载重吃水： 13.35M 船舶制造厂：日本三菱重工株式会社建造日期： 1980 年 3 月主机型号： MHI-SULZER RND76/155 轴功率： 10290kW 工作转速： 122RPM 营运航速：额定 14 节, 常用 12.2 节螺旋桨：定距桨、5 叶、直径 5.8M、螺距 4.11 M 船籍港：广州船东：中海发展股份有限公司

主机额定功率：9900kW(13440BHP)主机额定转速：111r.p.m.13节营运航速：缸数×缸径×冲程：6×600mm×1994mm螺旋桨型式：定距浆、4叶、直径6.08M、螺距4.548M船东：中海发展股份有限公司货轮公司“清华山"轮前船名是“大庆91”，原为油轮。2007年7月改造为散装船，主要任务是运输煤炭，航行于我国南北航线。改造后，该轮除了正常的运输任务外，每次可接收一个班大约35名学生的航行实习任务。“清华山”轮船员编制数正常为26人，学生来船实习时，增加一个二厨，共计27人。图1-2为“清华山”轮总体布置图。图1-2“清华山”轮总体布量图1-前：2-起锚机：3-舱盖板；4-绞缆机：5-备用螺旋浆6-备用锚：7-货舱：8-双层底柜；9-机舱：10-螺旋桨：11-舵叶：12-液压克令吊：13-船舰绞缆机Figure1-2Overall LayoutforM.V.QINGHUASHAN1-foremast, 2-capstan; 3-hatch cover board; 4-mooring winch; 5-spare propeller, 6-spare anchor, 7-cargohold, 8-double bottom tank;9-engine room; 10-propeller, 11-rudder plade;, 12-hydraulic crane;13-sternmooringwinchSection 1 Sort of Ships and Brief Introduction to Training ShipA. Sort of ShipsIt is well-known that a ship is a means of water transport which is used to conveypassengers and cargoes.Along withthedevelopment of technology and social economy,thedemand for water transportation is on the rise,therefore, it is necessary to build various kinds ofships to meet the ever-increasing needs of the water transport. At present, around the world, thetypes of ships are various. It is difficult to accurately classify the types of ships. In general,ships are classified according to their main technical characteristics of service, besides, shipscan be classified in accordance with their uses, sailing methods, navigation regions, buildingmaterials,propulsionmodes,powerplants,voyagestate,etc1.According to the uses of ships,ships canbe classified as a passenger shiponly used totransport passengers, a cargo-passenger vessel used to carry both cargoes and passengerstogether, a freighter used to carry cargoes, a refrigerator ship used to transport frozen goods, atug boat used to drag or push a lighter, a dumb lighter used to ferry passengers or carry cargoes,a fish boat used to catch fishes and process fishes, an engineering ship used to carry out water

主机额定功率： 9900kW (13440BHP) 主机额定转速： 111r.p.m. 营运航速： 13 节缸数×缸径×冲程： 6×600mm×1994mm 螺旋桨型式：定距桨、4 叶、直径 6.08 M、螺距 4.548 M 船东：中海发展股份有限公司货轮公司 “清华山”轮前船名是“大庆 91”，原为油轮。2007 年 7 月改造为散装船，主要任务是运输煤炭，航行于我国南北航线。改造后，该轮除了正常的运输任务外，每次可接收一个班大约 35 名学生的航行实习任务。“清华山”轮船员编制数正常为 26 人，学生来船实习时，增加一个二厨，共计 27 人。图 1–2 为“清华山” 轮总体布置图。图 1–2 “清华山”轮总体布置图 1-前桅；2-起锚机；3-舱盖板；4-绞缆机；5-备用螺旋桨 6-备用锚；7-货舱；8-双层底柜；9-机舱；10- 螺旋桨；11-舵叶；12-液压克令吊；13-船艉绞缆机 Figure 1-2 Overall Layout for M.V. QING HUA SHAN 1-foremast; 2-capstan; 3-hatch cover board; 4-mooring winch; 5-spare propeller; 6-spare anchor; 7-cargo hold; 8-double bottom tank; 9-engine room; 10-propeller; 11-rudder plade; 12-hydraulic crane;13-stern mooring winch Section 1 Sort of Ships and Brief Introduction to Training Ship A. Sort of Ships It is well-known that a ship is a means of water transport which is used to convey passengers and cargoes. Along with the development of technology and social economy, the demand for water transportation is on the rise, therefore, it is necessary to build various kinds of ships to meet the ever-increasing needs of the water transport. At present, around the world, the types of ships are various. It is difficult to accurately classify the types of ships. In general, ships are classified according to their main technical characteristics of service, besides, ships can be classified in accordance with their uses，sailing methods, navigation regions, building materials, propulsion modes, power plants, voyage state, etc. 1. According to the uses of ships, ships can be classified as a passenger ship only used to transport passengers, a cargo-passenger vessel used to carry both cargoes and passengers together, a freighter used to carry cargoes, a refrigerator ship used to transport frozen goods, a tug boat used to drag or push a lighter, a dumb lighter used to ferry passengers or carry cargoes; a fish boat used to catch fishes and process fishes, an engineering ship used to carry out water

projects, a working boat used to offer service or special work as well as warships.2. According to the ship sailing methods, ships can be classified as a power-driven shipwhich is assembled with the engine or the propeller, sailing by itself, the power-driven ship isalso known as a self-propelled vessel, a non-power-driven ship which is not assembled with theengine but depends on pushes from the other ship or sails, oars to sail, it is also known as a nonself-propelled vessel.3. According to navigation regions, ships can be classified as an ocean-going ship sailingat any region,an offshore ship sailingbetween intermational harbors but 25kn off the shore, aninshore ship (coaster) sailing along the coastal region, inland transportation ship (river serviceship) sailing at rivers and lakes, a harbor boat used to work in port.4. According to the hull materials, ships can be classified as a wood boat, a steel boat, analuminum alloyboat, a ferro-cement ship,aplastic boat, etc.5.Accordingtothepowerplantontheship,shipscanbeclassifiedasasteamship,amotor vessel,a steam turbine vessel, an electric ship, a nuclear-power ship, etc.6. According to the propulsion mode, ships can be classified as a paddle boat, a propellership, a cycloidal propeller ship, a gas-jet propelled boat, etc.7.According to the voyage state, ships can be classified as a displacement ship dischargingwater overboard to float on water, a hydrofoil boat floating on water which depends onhydrofoil rising-force, a hovercraft floating on water which depends on discharging airflow, etc.B.Brief IntroductiontoM.V.YULONGSHANType:Bulk carrier224MLengthO.A.MLD depth18.35 M35530tGross register tonnage19897tNet register tonnageDead weight:64443 t75250tLoad displacementSummer load draft13.35MShip manufacturerMitsubishi Heavy Industry Company, JapanBuilding date:March, 1980MHI-SULZERRND76/155Typeofmain engine:10290kWShaft power122RPMWorking revolutionService speed:Rated14kn,common use speed 12.2knPropeller:Fixed pitchpropeller,five-blade,Diameter 5.8M, pitch 4.11MRegister harbor:GuangzhouShip owner:China Shipping Development Co.,LtdM.V. YU LONG SHAN is a bulk ship, its main task is to transport grain, sailing betweenSouthChina and NorthChina. InNovember2005, M.V.YULONGSHAN was changed into atraining ship.After that, besides its usual transportation coal, this vessel can accommodate oneclass about 35 students to carry out their navigation training task on board the shipNormally,thenumberoftheseamenonM.V.YULONGSHANis26.Whenstudentscome

projects, a working boat used to offer service or special work as well as warships. 2. According to the ship sailing methods, ships can be classified as a power-driven ship which is assembled with the engine or the propeller, sailing by itself, the power-driven ship is also known as a self-propelled vessel, a non-power-driven ship which is not assembled with the engine but depends on pushes from the other ship or sails, oars to sail, it is also known as a non self-propelled vessel. 3. According to navigation regions, ships can be classified as an ocean-going ship sailing at any region, an offshore ship sailing between international harbors but 25kn off the shore, an inshore ship (coaster) sailing along the coastal region, inland transportation ship (river service ship) sailing at rivers and lakes, a harbor boat used to work in port. 4. According to the hull materials, ships can be classified as a wood boat, a steel boat, an aluminum alloy boat, a ferro-cement ship, a plastic boat, etc. 5. According to the power plant on the ship, ships can be classified as a steam ship, a motor vessel, a steam turbine vessel, an electric ship, a nuclear-power ship, etc. 6. According to the propulsion mode, ships can be classified as a paddle boat, a propeller ship; a cycloidal propeller ship, a gas-jet propelled boat, etc. 7. According to the voyage state, ships can be classified as a displacement ship discharging water overboard to float on water, a hydrofoil boat floating on water which depends on hydrofoil rising-force, a hovercraft floating on water which depends on discharging airflow, etc. B. Brief Introduction to M.V. YU LONG SHAN Type: Bulk carrier Length O.A. 224M MLD depth 18.35 M Gross register tonnage 35530 t Net register tonnage 19897 t Dead weight: 64443 t Load displacement 75250 t Summer load draft 13.35M Ship manufacturer Mitsubishi Heavy Industry Company, Japan Building date: March, 1980 Type of main engine: MHI-SULZER RND76/155 Shaft power 10290kW Working revolution 122RPM Service speed: Rated 14 kn, common use speed 12.2 kn Propeller: Fixed pitch propeller, five-blade, Diameter 5.8M, pitch 4.11M Register harbor: Guangzhou Ship owner: China Shipping Development Co., Ltd M.V. YU LONG SHAN is a bulk ship; its main task is to transport grain, sailing between South China and North China. In November 2005, M.V. YU LONG SHAN was changed into a training ship. After that, besides its usual transportation coal, this vessel can accommodate one class about 35 students to carry out their navigation training task on board the ship. Normally, the number of the seamen on M.V. YU LONG SHAN is 26. When students come