形容词和副词 Adjectives and Adverbs
Adjectives and Adverbs 形容词和副词
一、形容词定义及其用法 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容 词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前 面。 1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变 化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如 hot(热的)。 2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没 有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词 都属于这一类。例如: afraid害怕的。 (错) He is an ill man. (对) The man is ill. (错) She is an afraid girl. (对) The girl is afraid. 这类词还有:well,unwell,il,faint,afraid,alike,alive alone,asleep,awake等
一、形容词定义及其用法 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容 词分成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前 面。 1)直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变 化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如: hot ( 热的)。 2)叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没 有级的变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词 都属于这一类。例如:afraid 害怕的。 (错) He is an ill man. (对) The man is ill. (错) She is an afraid girl. (对) The girl is afraid. 这类词还有: well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive, alone,asleep,awake等
3)形容词作定语时,放在修饰词之后,例如: something nice 二、以y结尾的形容词 1)大部分形容词加-y可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely, lonely,likely,lively,ugy,brotherly,仍为形容词。 (错)She sang lovely. (He spoke to me very friendly. (Her singing was lovely. (He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-y结尾既为形容词,也为副词。如: daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily
3)形容词作定语时,放在修饰词之后,例如: something nice 二、 以-ly结尾的形容词 1) 大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely, lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。 (错) She sang lovely. (错) He spoke to me very friendly. (对) Her singing was lovely. (对) He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2) 有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。如: daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily
三、用形容词表示类别和整体 1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连 接。如:the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope. 2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动 词的复数连用。 the British,the English,the French,the Chinese,etc. The English have wonderful sense of humor. 四、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词数词-描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色)出处 材料、性质、类别名词
三、用形容词表示类别和整体 1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连 接 。 如 : the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope. 2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动 词的复数连用。 the British,the English,the French,the Chinese,etc. The English have wonderful sense of humor. 四、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) -出处- -材料、性质、类别-名词
a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 典型例题: 1)Tony is going camping with boys. A.little two other B.two little other C.two other little D.little other two 答案:C。由“限定词数词-描绘词-(大小,长短,形状,新旧 颜色)性质名词”的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序, 只有C符合答案。 2)One day they crossed the bridge behind the palace. A.old Chinese stone B.Chinese old stone C.old stone Chinese D.Chinese stone old 答案A.几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形 状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词
a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car 典型例题: 1)Tony is going camping with _ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 答案:C。由“限定词-数词-描绘词-(大小,长短,形状,新旧, 颜色) -性质-名词”的公式可知数词,描绘词,性质依次顺序, 只有C符合答案。 2) One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词,他们的排列顺序是:年龄,形 状,大小+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词