Introduction AP begins with the forecast of demand Assumption for AP:demand is deterministic,or known in advance. The assumption is made to simplify the analysis and allow us to focus on the systematic or predictable changes in the demand pattern
Introduction • AP begins with the forecast of demand. • Assumption for AP: demand is deterministic, or known in advance. • The assumption is made to simplify the analysis and allow us to focus on the systematic or predictable changes in the demand pattern
Introduction Aggregate planning involves several basic competing objectives. Make frequent and large changes in size of labor force:a chase strategy to react quickly to anticipated changes in demand,cost effective,but a poor long-term strategy; Retain a stable workforce:results in larger buildups of inventory during period of low demand; Develop a production plan for a firm to maximize profit over the planning horizon subject to constraints on capacity. AP methodology is designed to translate demand forecast into blueprint for planning staffing and production level for a firm over a predetermined planning horizon;
Introduction • Aggregate planning involves several basic competing objectives. Make frequent and large changes in size of labor force: a chase strategy to react quickly to anticipated changes in demand, cost effective, but a poor long-term strategy; Retain a stable workforce: results in larger buildups of inventory during period of low demand ; Develop a production plan for a firm to maximize profit over the planning horizon subject to constraints on capacity. • AP methodology is designed to translate demand forecast into blueprint for planning staffing and production level for a firm over a predetermined planning horizon;
Chapter 3 aggregate Planning Contents .Introduction Aggregate Units of Production; .Costs in Aggregate Planning; .A Prototype Problem; .Solution of Aggregate Planning Problem by LP
Chapter 3 Aggregate Planning Contents •Introduction •Aggregate Units of Production; •Costs in Aggregate Planning; •A Prototype Problem; •Solution of Aggregate Planning Problem by LP
Aggregate Units of Production AP is predicated on the existence of an aggregate unit of production. Describe aggregate units in the following situations: In terms of"average'item-when the items produced are similar,e.g.cars,computers, In terms of weights (tons of steel),volume (gallons of gasoline),amount of work required(worker-years of programming time),and dollar value(value of inventory in dollars)-when many kinds of items are produced; Appropriate aggregating schema are determined by context of the particular planning problem and the level of the aggregation to be required
Aggregate Units of Production • AP is predicated on the existence of an aggregate unit of production. • Describe aggregate units in the following situations: In terms of “average’ item-when the items produced are similar, e.g. cars, computers; In terms of weights (tons of steel), volume (gallons of gasoline), amount of work required (worker-years of programming time), and dollar value (value of inventory in dollars)-when many kinds of items are produced; • Appropriate aggregating schema are determined by context of the particular planning problem and the level of the aggregation to be required
Aggregate Units of Production Example 3.1:Decide on aggregating schema for the manager of a plant that produces six models of washing machines to determine the workforce and production levels. Number of Worker- Hours Required to Selling Price Sales Model Number Rate(%) Produce A5532 4.2 285 32 K4242 4.9 345 21 L9898 5.1 395 17 L3800 5.2 425 14 M2624 5.4 525 10 M3880 5.8 725 6
Aggregate Units of Production Example 3.1: Decide on aggregating schema for the manager of a plant that produces six models of washing machines to determine the workforce and production levels. Model Number Number of WorkerHours Required to Produce Selling Pric e Sales Rate(%) A5532 4.2 285 32 K4242 4.9 345 21 L9898 5.1 395 17 L3800 5.2 425 14 M2624 5.4 525 10 M3880 5.8 725 6