oUremia-azotemia with symptoms or signs of renal failure.Uremia is a clinical syndrome associated with fluid,electrolyte, and hormone imbalances and metabolic abnormalities,which develop in parallel with deterioration of renal function
• Uremia—azotemia with symptoms or signs of renal failure.Uremia is a clinical syndrome associated with fluid, electrolyte, and hormone imbalances and metabolic abnormalities, which develop in parallel with deterioration of renal function
End stage renal disease(ESRD)-the kidneys permanently fail to work.ESRD is irreversible and lethal if untreated. Requiring transplantation or dialysis
• End stage renal disease(ESRD)—the kidneys permanently fail to work. ESRD is irreversible and lethal if untreated. Requiring transplantation or dialysis
Chronic renal failure(CRF)-is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of large numbers of functioning nephrons.Serious clinical symptoms often do not occur until the number of functional nephrons falls to at least 70 per cent below normal
• Chronic renal failure(CRF)- is characterized by progressive and irreversible loss of large numbers of functioning nephrons. Serious clinical symptoms often do not occur until the number of functional nephrons falls to at least 70 per cent below normal
Chronic renal failure(CRF) Occurs when compensatory mechanisms of the diseased kidneys are no longer able to maintain the EXCRETORY, REGULATORY,and ENDOCRINE functions of the kidneys Resultant retention of nitrogenous solutes,derangements of fluid,electrolyte and acid-base balance,and failure of hormone production constitute CRF
Estimation of renal function GFR -glomerular filtration rate is the best test to measure the level of kidney function and determine the stage of kidney disease.GFR is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time
Estimation of renal function • GFR - glomerular filtration rate is the best test to measure the level of kidney function and determine the stage of kidney disease. GFR is the volume of fluid filtered from the renal glomerular capillaries into the Bowman's capsule per unit time