Regulationof growth hormone secretionHypothalamusgrowth hormone releasinggrowth hormone releaseinginhibiting hormonehormone(-)):（）(GHRH)(+)(GHIH)--Pituitaryrowth hormone( +) promotion()inhibitionLiver - negative feedbackpositive feedbackIGF1
（ +）promotion （一）inhibition negative feedback positive feedback Regulation of growth hormone secretion Hypothalamus Pituitary Liver growth hormone releasing growth hormone releaseing hormone inhibiting hormone （一）（一） （GHRH） ( +） （－） (GHIH） IGF1 growth hormone （+）
Secretion modesquare pulse-like, day-night rhythm, reachingthe peak insleep II or IV stageInfluence factorsleep,motion,starvation,drugs(includinginsuline, L-dopa, arginine,clonidine mayincrease the GHsecretion
Secretion mode square pulse-like, day-night rhythm, reaching the peak in sleep Ⅲ or Ⅳ stage Influence factor sleep,motion,starvation,drugs (including insuline, L-dopa, arginine, clonidine may increase the GHsecretion
Etiology1. Idiopathic hypopituitarism: main causeNeurotransmitter-neurohormone functionpathway abnormalitydopamine, 5-HT(hydroxytryptamine),monamine, acetylcholine(乙烯胆碱）↓hypothalamus secrete GHRHI+anterior pituitary secrete GHI
1. Idiopathichypopituitarism: main cause Neurotransmitter-neurohormone function pathway abnormality dopamine, 5-HT(hydroxytryptamine), monamine, acetylcholine(乙烯胆碱） ↓ ↓ hypothalamus secrete GHRH↓ ↓ anterior pituitary secrete GH↓ Etiology
Etiology2. Secondary hypopituitarismCraniocerebral tumor, infection, trauma, brainradiation injury3. Hereditary pituitary maldevelopmentrare, 5% , familialGHl gene defect4. Other cause-temporality growth retardation:thymo-denudationdwarfism情感剥脱性矮小-GHreceptor deficiency : AfricanPygmy people
2. Secondary hypopituitarism Craniocerebral tumor, infection, trauma, brain radiation injury 3. Hereditary pituitary maldevelopment rare, 5% , familial GH1 genedefect 4. Other cause －temporality growth retardation: thymo-denudation dwarfism 情感剥脱性矮小 －GH receptor deficiency：African Pygmypeople Etiology
AfricanPygmypeople
African Pygmypeople