The carbon atoms in a double bond are sp hybridized and have three equivalent orbitals that lie in a plane at angles of 120 to one another 2p The fourth carbon orbital is an unhybridized p orbital which is perpendicular ①D to the sp plane sp2hybridized carbon
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University The carbon atoms in a double bond are sp2 hybridized and have three equivalent orbitals that lie in a plane at angles of 120 to one another. The fourth carbon orbital is an unhybridized p orbital , which is perpendicular to the sp2 plane
a' Antibonding orbital r. Antibonding orbital . C ①D a Bonding orbital m Bonding orbital a Both sigma and pi bonding molecular orbitals are filled. The antibonding combinations are unfilled
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University Both sigma and pi bonding molecular orbitals are filled. The antibonding combinations are unfilled
Carbon-carbon single bond: circular crOSs-section ①D Carbon-carbon double C bond; unsymmetrical crOSS-section ⑨D
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University
rotation Pi bond Broken pi bond after rotation (p orbitals are parallel) (p orbitals are perpendicular) ①D The pi bond must break in order for rotation to take place around a carbon- carbon double bond ⑨D
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University The pi bond must break in order for rotation to take place around a carbon-carbon double bond