第章醇和醚 Alcohols and Etel
第八章 醇和醚 Alcohols and Ethers
81醇 Alcohols
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University 8.1 醇 Alcohols
Alcohols are compounds that have hydroxyl groups bonded to saturated, sp3- hybridized carbon atoms. This definition 3 purposely excludes phenols (hydroxyl groups bonded to an aromatic ring) and enols (hydroxyl groups bonded to a vinylic carbon), because the chemistry of the three types of compounds is sometimes 3 different. Alcohols can be thought of as organic derivatives of water in which one of the water hydrogens is replaced by an organic group: H-0-H versus R-O-H
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University Alcohols are compounds that have hydroxyl groups bonded to saturated, sp 3 - hybridized carbon atoms. This definition purposely excludes phenols (hydroxyl groups bonded to an aromatic ring) and enols (hydroxyl groups bonded to a vinylic carbon), because the chemistry of the three types of compounds is sometimes different. Alcohols can be thought of as organic derivatives of water in which one of the water hydrogens is replaced by an organic group: H O H versus R O H
醇是羟基连接在饱和sp3碳原子上的化合物。 QD3 OH OH OH C=C 醇 酚 烯醇 ■醇可看成是水分子中的一个氢原子被烃基取代所 形成的有机衍生物。 ■醇的官能团是羟基 hydroxyl group)-OH
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University 醇是羟基连接在饱和sp 3碳原子上的化合物 OH C OH C C OH 醇 酚 烯 醇 醇可看成是水分子中的一个氢原子被烃基取代所 形成的有机衍生物 醇 的官能团是羟基(hydroxyl group) OH
a Alcohols occur widely in nature and have a a great many industrial and pharmaceutical g applications. Ethanol, for instance, is one of g the simplest yet best known of all organic substances, finding use as a fuel additive and industrial solvent, and a beverage e menthol an alcohol isolated from peppermint oil, is widely used as a flavoring and perfumery agent; and cholesterol, a a complicated-looking steroidal alcohol, has been implicated as a causative agent in heart disease
Organic Chemistry Organic Chemistry Xiamen Xiamen University University Alcohols occur widely in nature and have a great many industrial and pharmaceutical applications. Ethanol, for instance, is one of the simplest yet best known of all organic substances, finding use as a fuel additive, and industrial solvent, and a beverage; menthol, an alcohol isolated from peppermint oil, is widely used as a flavoring and perfumery agent; and cholesterol, a complicated-looking steroidal alcohol, has been implicated as a causative agent in heart disease