4.Active transport Carrier protein mediated movement up the gradient This process differs from facilitated diffusion in two crucial aspects: Active transport maintains the gradients for potassium, sodium,calcium,and other ions across the cell membrane.Always moves solutes up a concentration or electrochemical gradient; Active transport couples the movement of substances against gradients to ATP hydrolysis.i.e always requires the input of energy. This document is produced by trial version of Print2Flash.Visit www.print2flash.com for more information
Three main ways of active transport 光能 电化学梯度 脂双层 ATP ADP+Pi ATP驱动泵 协同转运蛋白 光驱动泵 1.Couple uphill transport to the hydrolysis of ATP. 2.Couple the uphill transport of one solute across membrane to the downhill transport of another. 3.Mainly in bacteria,couple uphill transport to an input of energy from light. This document is produced by trial version of Print2Flash.Visit www.print2flash.com for more information
Direct active transport depends on four types of transport ATPases 4H1 胞外 胞内 ATP 2H* ADP+Pi ATP ADP+Pi ATP ADP+Pi ADP+Pi ATP P型泵 V型质子泵 F型质子泵 ABC超家族 The four classes of ATP-powered transport proteins: "P"type stands for phosphorylation; ABC(ATP-binding Cassette)superfamily. Two transmembrane(T)domains and two cytosolic ATP-binding (A) domains. This document is produced by trial version of Print2Flash.Visit www.print2flash.com for more information