Lesson 41Do vou call that a hat?【Newwordsandexpressions】生词和短语（6）rudeadj.无礼的n.镜子mirrorn. 孔holev.评说remarkv.提醒remindn.灯塔lighthouse★rudeadj.无礼的（强调故意的）impoliteadj.不礼貌，表示没有注意到礼节性的问题，所以显得有些不礼貌（polite的反义词，以p开头的形容词的否定前缀为im）adj.无礼，没礼貌的（表示小孩对长辈）cheeky不得无礼！Don't be cheeky!adj.天真的naive★mirrorn镜子照镜子look at oneself in the mirror查字典look up sth. in the dictionary的写照，……的真实反映mirrotof..Hisnovel isamirrorofhistime.他的小说就是他那个时代的真实写照n孔★holeholein+地点......（地方）有个洞v.评说★remarkremark主要指说，当say来理解★remindV.提醒①vt.提醒提醒某人做某事remind sb.of sth./remind sb.todo sth./remind sb.that...He reminded his wife that they needed to buy some coffee and sugar.②v.t.使....想起Thesmellofcabbageremindsmeofschool.卷心菜的气味使我想起了学校。Shereminds meofher sistern.提醒物reminder【Text】'Do you call that a hat?' I said tomywife.You needn't beso rude about it, mywife answered as she looked at herself in themirror
Lesson 41 Do you call that a hat? 【New words and expressions】生词和短语（6） rude adj. 无礼的 mirror n. 镜子 hole n. 孔 remark v. 评说 remind v. 提醒 lighthouse n. 灯塔 ★rude adj. 无礼的（强调故意的） impolite adj. 不礼貌，表示没有注意到礼节性的问题, 所以显得有些不礼貌（polite 的反义词，以 p 开头的形容词的否定前缀为 im） cheeky adj. 无礼, 没礼貌的（表示小孩对长辈） Don’t be cheeky! 不得无礼! naive adj. 天真的 ★mirror n. 镜子 look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 look up sth. in the dictionary 查字典 mirrot of. .的写照，.的真实反映 His novel is a mirror of his time. 他的小说就是他那个时代的真实写照 ★hole n. 孔 hole in+地点 .（地方）有个洞 ★remark v. 评说 remark 主要指说, 当 say 来理解 ★remind v. 提醒 ① vt. 提醒 remind sb. of sth. / remind sb. to do sth. / remind sb. that. 提醒某人做某事 He reminded his wife that they needed to buy some coffee and sugar. ② vt. 使.想起 The smell of cabbage reminds me of school. 卷心菜的气味使我想起了学校。 She reminds me of her sister. reminder n. 提醒物 【Text】 'Do you call that a hat?' I said to my wife. 'You needn't be so rude about it,' my wife answered as she looked at herself in the mirror
I sat down on one of thosemodern chairs with holes in it and waited.We had been in the hat shop for half anhour andmywifewas still in front ofthemirror.'We mustn't buy things we don't need,'I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at once'You needn't have said that,'my wife answered.T needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.'T find it beautiful,'I said.'A man can never have too many ties.''And a woman can't have too many hats,'she answered.Tenminutes later we walked out of the shop together.My wife was wearing a hat that looked like alighthouse!参考译文“你把那个叫帽子吗？”我对妻子说“你说话没必要这样不客气，“我的妻子边回答边照着镜子我坐在一个新式的满是网眼儿的椅子上，等待着，我们在这家帽店已经呆了半个小时了，而我的妻子仍在镜子面前“我们不应该买我们不需要的东西，“我突然发表意见说，但马上又后悔说了这话“你没必要这么说，“我妻子回答说，“我也不必提醒你咋天买的那条糟糕透了的领带，““我觉得它好看，“我说，“男人有多少领带也不会嫌多““女人有多少帽子也不嫌多，“她回答10分钟以后，我们一道走出了商店.我妻子戴着一顶像灯塔一样的帽子【课文讲解】1、Doyou call thata hat?“Doyoucallthat+（冠词）+名词”这个结构可以表达一种轻的含义：Do you call that a house/a dog?你把那个叫房子/狗吗？2、Youneedn'tbeso rudeaboutit对事很粗鲁be rude about sth.berudetosb.对人很粗鲁Don't be rude to me.别对我这么粗3、Isatdownononeofthosemodernchairswithholesinitandwaitedonthechair在椅子上withholesinit作定语Janeput apieceof paperwith her nameand address on it intoa bottle4、Wehad been inthehat shop for half anhour and my wife was still in front of the mirror名词修饰名词，一般用单数：bookstore书店，drugstore药店，5,Iregrettedsayingitalmostatonce.regretdoingsth/名词/that从句后悔已经做了某事，表示对做过的事感到遗憾Did he regret his mistake?
I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited. We had been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror. 'We mustn't buy things we don't need,' I remarked suddenly. I regretted saying it almost at once. 'You needn't have said that,' my wife answered. 'I needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.' 'I find it beautiful,' I said. 'A man can never have too many ties.' 'And a woman can't have too many hats,' she answered. Ten minutes later we walked out of the shop together. My wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse! 参考译文 “你把那个叫帽子吗?” 我对妻子说. “你说话没必要这样不客气, “我的妻子边回答边照着镜子. 我坐在一个新式的满是网眼儿的椅子上, 等待着. 我们在这家帽店已经呆了半个小时了, 而我的妻子 仍在镜子面前. “我们不应该买我们不需要的东西, “我突然发表意见说, 但马上又后悔说了这话. “你没必要这么说, “我妻子回答说, “我也不必提醒你昨天买的那条糟糕透了的领带. “ “我觉得它好看, “我说, “男人有多少领带也不会嫌多. “ “女人有多少帽子也不嫌多. “她回答. 10 分钟以后, 我们一道走出了商店. 我妻子戴着一顶像灯塔一样的帽子. 【课文讲解】 1、Do you call that a hat? “Do you call that +（冠词）+名词”这个结构可以表达一种轻蔑的含义： Do you call that a house/a dog? 你把那个叫房子/狗吗？ 2、You needn't be so rude about it. be rude about sth. 对事很粗鲁 be rude to sb. 对人很粗鲁 Don't be rude to me. 别对我这么粗鲁 3、I sat down on one of those modern chairs with holes in it and waited. on the chair 在椅子上 with holes in it 作定语 Jane put a piece of paper with her name and address on it into a bottle. 4、We had been in the hat shop for half an hour and my wife was still in front of the mirror. 名词修饰名词, 一般用单数：bookstore 书店，drugstore 药店, 5、I regretted saying it almost at once. regret doing sth./名词/that 从句 后悔已经做了某事，表示对做过的事感到遗憾 Did he regret his mistake?
I now regret leaving my country/that I have left my country.regrettodosth。表示对现在或将来要做的事感到对不起、遗撼，比besorrytodosth要正式：我很遗憾地告诉您，您不受欢迎。We regretto tell you that you are not welcome.6、'You needn't have said that,'mywife answered.T needn't remind you of that terrible tieyou boughtyesterday'needn't have done原本不必做，但是做了，强调过去的动作不必做You needn't have bought it.你原本不必买的You needn't havecome你原本不必来的。needn't do现在的动作也不必做You needn't come.你不必来。提醒某人想起某事remind sb.of sth.7、T find it beautiful, I said动词find经常用于“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这种结构：You'll find itdifficult/easytomakeconversationwithher.I find this book very interesting8、Aman can never have too manyties.无论也不为过can never...too...=cannot...too...Amancanneverhavetoomanyties再多的领带对一个男人来说也不为过（男人有多少领带也不会嫌多）。感激不尽。I canneverthankyoutoomuchDrinkingwatercanneverbetooclean饮用水越干净越好。妻子怎么罗嗪也不为过。Awifecannevercomplain toomuch.你工作越小心越好。You can't be too careful in doing your work.[Key structures]Must, Have (got) to and Need情态动词must（必须，不得不）的否定式mustnt（不能、不准），must还可用于表示推测：①对现在和将来的推测：must+动词用原形②对正在发生的事情的推测：mustbedoing③对过去的推测：musthavedone④对过去正在发生的事情的推测：musthavebeendoing用must的一般疑问句可以用must/haveto或needn't来回答，而不用mustnt：Must I set off now?Yes, you must / have to.No, you needn't.mustnt表示绝对禁止，在说话人看来，根本没选择余地：You mustn't use that bicycle.It's broken.“不必要”可用needn't，don'thaveto来表示needn't=don't haveto
I now regret leaving my country/that I have left my country. regret to do sth. 表示对现在或将来要做的事感到对不起、遗憾，比 be sorry to do sth.要正式： We regret to tell you that you are not welcome. 我很遗憾地告诉您，您不受欢迎。 6、'You needn't have said that,' my wife answered. 'I needn't remind you of that terrible tie you bought yesterday.' needn't have done 原本不必做, 但是做了, 强调过去的动作不必做 You needn't have bought it. 你原本不必买的 You needn’t have come. 你原本不必来的。 needn't do 现在的动作也不必做 You needn’t come. 你不必来。 remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人想起某事 7、'I find it beautiful,' I said. 动词 find 经常用于“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这种结构： You’ll find it difficult/easy to make conversation with her. I find this book very interesting. 8、A man can never have too many ties. can never.too.＝cannot.too. 无论.也不为过 A man can never have too many ties. 再多的领带对一个男人来说也不为过（男人有多少领带也不会嫌多）。 I can never thank you too much. 感激不尽。 Drinking water can never be too clean. 饮用水越干净越好。 A wife can never complain too much. 妻子怎么罗嗦也不为过。 You can’t be too careful in doing your work. 你工作越小心越好。 【Key structures】 Must, Have (got) to and Need 情态动词 must（必须，不得不）的否定式 mustn't（不能、不准），must 还可用于表示推测： ① 对现在和将来的推测：must +动词用原形 ② 对正在发生的事情的推测：must be doing ③ 对过去的推测：must have done ④ 对过去正在发生的事情的推测：must have been doing 用 must 的一般疑问句可以用 must/have to 或 needn’t 来回答，而不用 mustn’t： Must I set off now? Yes, you must / have to. No, you needn’t. mustn’t 表示绝对禁止，在说话人看来，根本没选择余地： You mustn’t use that bicycle. It’s broken. “不必要”可用 needn’t，don’t have to 来表示： needn’t = don’t have to
needn't have done=didn't have toYou needn't/ don't havetowork such long hours英语中的need有两种词性，一个是普通动词（需要），一种是情态动词。need的否定形式对应也有两种：needn't不必（情态动词need的否定）：don'tneed不需要（普通动词need的否定）。needI..?(情态）/doIneed...?实义动词在实义动词后面再加一个实义动词，就在后面加todoNeed I go out?=Do I need to go out?我需要出去吗？You needn't have told me that. I know it is.情态动词后面不能直接用名词做宾语，实义动词后面可以直接加名词，故need后面如是名词，则这个need为实义动词例:Hecfollowmea doesn't needd needsbneedn'ttoc didn't need to情态动词need后接动词原形，但只用于否定和疑问句，肯定句用must，haveto，oughtto或should。need用于疑问句时，问者往往希望得到否定的回答：Need you leave so soon?你有必要这么早就走吗？用need的一般疑问句的肯定形式的回答可以用must/hadto，否定形式的回答可以用needn't：Need I type this letter again?Yes, you must. / No, you needn't.Need you have told him about my plans?Yes, I had to. / No, I needn't have表示必要时，must的语气比need要强：I mustgotothedentist this moring这种句型可用来表示说话人让对方选择或允许对方可以不做某事的主观意图。它的完成式和过去式分别为needn'thave，didn'thaveto和didn'tneedtoIneedn'thavegonetotheofficeyesterdayI didn'thaveto/ didn'tneedtogototheofficeyesterdayneed doing sth.需要被做（用主动表达被动含义）①这里need属于实义动词，动词ing相当于名词来理解②有时态和人称变化，否定式为：don'tneeddoing③needdoing表达被动含义，如：Yourshoesneedwashing你的鞋子需（被）洗了另外wantdoing也是用主动表示被动含义，它们的主语一定是物，不是人Your hair needs cuting.needtobedone---主语是人,也可以是物The child need to be ..对比mustn't和needn't：You musn't read it bed. It's bad for your eyes.(bebadfor...对有害）Smokingisbadforyourhealth.抽烟有害你的健康Youmustn'tmakeanoise.Thechildrenareasleep你不应吵闹，孩子们都睡了You needn't drive so quickly.We have plenty of time你不必开得那么快，我们有足够的时间，=You don't have to(haven't got to)drive so quickly.We have plenty of time
needn’t have done = didn’t have to You needn’t / don’t have to work such long hours. 英语中的 need 有两种词性，一个是普通动词（需要），一种是情态动词。need 的否定形式对应也有两 种： needn't 不必（情态动词 need 的否定）； don't need 不需要（普通动词 need 的否定）。 need I.?(情态) / do I need.? 实义动词 在实义动词后面再加一个实义动词, 就在后面加 to do Need I go out? = Do I need to go out? 我需要出去吗? You needn’t have told me that. I know it is. 情态动词后面不能直接用名词做宾语，实义动词后面可以直接加名词, 故 need 后面如是名词, 则这个 need 为实义动词 例 : He_c_follow me . a doesn’t need b needn’t to c didn’t need to d needs 情态动词 need 后接动词原形，但只用于否定和疑问句，肯定句用 must，have to，ought to 或 should。 need 用于疑问句时，问者往往希望得到否定的回答： Need you leave so soon? 你有必要这么早就走吗？ 用 need 的一般疑问句的肯定形式的回答可以用 must/had to，否定形式的回答可以用 needn’t： Need I type this letter again? Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t. Need you have told him about my plans? Yes, I had to. / No, I needn’t have. 表示必要时，must 的语气比 need 要强： I must go to the dentist this moring. 这种句型可用来表示说话人让对方选择或允许对方可以不做某事的主观意图。它的完成式和过去式分 别为 needn’t have，didn’t have to 和 didn’t need to： I needn’t have gone to the office yesterday. I didn’t have to / didn’t need to go to the office yesterday. need doing sth. 需要被做（用主动表达被动含义） ① 这里 need 属于实义动词, 动词 ing 相当于名词来理解 ② 有时态和人称变化,否定式为: don’t need doing ③ need doing 表达被动含义, 如: Your shoes need washing. 你的鞋子需(被)洗了 另外 want doing 也是用主动表示被动含义，它们的主语一定是物, 不是人 Your hair needs cuting. need to be done-主语是人,也可以是物 The child need to be . 对比 mustn't 和 needn't： You musn’t read it bed. It’s bad for your eyes. （be bad for. 对.有害） Smoking is bad for your health. 抽烟有害你的健康 You mustn't make a noise. The children are asleep. 你不应吵闹, 孩子们都睡了. You needn't drive so quickly. We have plenty of time. 你不必开得那么快, 我们有足够的时间. =You don't have to(haven't got to) drive so quickly. We have plenty of time
Youmustn'tsmokeinatheatre.Itisforbidden.你不应该在剧场里抽烟，这是不允许的Youneedn'tcomewithusifyoudon'twantto.如果你不想去，你不必和我们一道去=You don't have to (haven't gotto) comewith us if you don't want to【Special Difficulties]Remark,Observeand Noticeremark与observe都可以表示“说，评论说”，它们比say要正式：You'relookingverywell'Sheremarked/observed.notice和observe都可以表示“注意到，察觉到”，但有一定区别。notice指无意中“察觉到”；observe则可以指有意观察、仔细地看，比notice更正式He observed me carefully. (He looked at me.)他仔细地看着我Didyounoticehowshewasdressed？你注意到她的穿戴了吗？I've noticed/observed thathetelephones her oftenerthan before.我发现/注意到他现在给她打电话比以前次数多了。I didn't notice his leavingmakeruderemark/callone'sname/sayFwords（F指fuck）讲粗话，骂人He made a lot ofrude remarks about the hat she was wearing没有能够failtodosthnotfail to表示强烈地肯定I had changed the furniture round that you can notfail to notict it我已经把周围的家具都换了。【Multiple choice questions]3 Doyouhavetobuythishat?No,IIt isn't necessary.a. mustn'tb.won'tc.needn'td. don't needDo you have to...?Yes,I do.../ No, I don't .../ No,I don't have to dosth.mustn't不准don't have to 不必=needn'tmust=haveto必须英文中要么助动词之后所有的东西都省略，要么省到不定式标志，“don'tneedto”也对Would you like to do sth?Yes,I'dliketo./No,Idon't/No,Idon'tneedto.(to不能省略）Do you want to go to school?Yes,Ido./Yes,IwanttoWould you like to see the menu?Yes,Idliketo.（后接动词）Would you like some bananas?Yes,I'dlike.（后接名词）Do you need the hat?No, I don't need.（不能为“Ineedn't”，情态动词不能直接接名词“hat"）7Aman can never have too many ties.It'sba.unableb.impossiblec.improbabled. incapable不可能can never =can'tbeable/unabletodo sth.(unableadj.不能的，不会的）
You mustn't smoke in a theatre. It is forbidden. 你不应该在剧场里抽烟, 这是不允许的. You needn't come with us if you don't want to. 如果你不想去, 你不必和我们一道去. =You don't have to (haven't got to) come with us if you don't want to. 【Special Difficulties】 Remark, Observe and Notice remark 与 observe 都可以表示“说，评论说”，它们比 say 要正式： ‘You’re looking very well!’She remarked/observed. notice 和 observe 都可以表示“注意到，察觉到”，但有一定区别。notice 指无意中“察觉到”；observe 则可以指有意观察、仔细地看，比 notice 更正式： He observed me carefully. (He looked at me.) 他仔细地看着我. Did you notice how she was dressed? 你注意到她的穿戴了吗? I’ve noticed/observed that he telephones her oftener than before. 我发现/注意到他现在给她打电话比以前次数多了。 I didn’t notice his leaving. make rude remark / call one's name / say F words (F 指 fuck) 讲粗话，骂人 He made a lot of rude remarks about the hat she was wearing. fail to do sth. 没有能够 not fail to 表示强烈地肯定 I had changed the furniture round that you can not fail to notict it. 我已经把周围的家具都换了。 【Multiple choice questions】 3 Do you have to buy this hat? No, I_c_. It isn't necessary. a. mustn't b. won't c. needn't d. don't need Do you have to.? Yes, I do . / No, I don't . / No,I don't have to do sth. mustn't 不准 don't have to 不必 =needn’t must＝have to 必须 英文中要么助动词之后所有的东西都省略, 要么省到不定式标志, “don’t need to” 也对 Would you like to do sth? Yes, I'd like to. / No,I don't / No,I don't need to. (to 不能省略) Do you want to go to school? Yes,I do. / Yes,I want to. Would you like to see the menu? Yes, I'd like to. (后接动词) Would you like some bananas? Yes, I’d like. (后接名词) Do you need the hat? No, I don’t need. （不能为“I needn’t”，情态动词不能直接接名词“hat”） 7 A man can never have too many ties. It's _b_. a. unable b. impossible c. improbable d. incapable can never ＝can't 不可能 be able/unable to do sth. (unable adj.不能的, 不会的)