温度对反应速率的影响阿仑尼鸟斯公式Ea(9-9)k=AeRTArrheniusEa(9-10)Ink =-- + InART式公Ea(9-11)Igk+ IgA2.30RT式中k为反应速率常数,e为自然对数底,A为指前因子或频率因子,Ea为反应活化能,R为理想气体常数,T是热力学温度。可以近似认为Ea和A在一般温度范围内不随温度改变
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阿伦尼乌斯(1859~1927)Arrhenius,SvanteAugust瑞典化学家。1901年当选为瑞典皇家科学院院士。因创立电离学说而获1903年诺贝尔化学奖。1905年任斯德哥尔摩诺贝尔物理化学研究所所长。阿伦尼乌斯的最大贡献是1887年提出电离学说:电解质是溶于水中能形成导电溶液的物质:它是物理和化学之间的一座桥梁。阿伦尼乌斯的研究领域广泛。1889年提出活化分子和活化热概念,导出化学反应速率公式(阿伦尼乌斯方程)。他还研究过太阳系的成因、彗星的本性、北极光、天体的温度、冰川的成因等,并最先对血清疗法的机理作出化学上的解释。2
2 阿伦尼乌斯(1859~1927)Arrhenius,Svante August瑞典化学家。 1901年当选为瑞典皇家科学 院院士。因创立电离学说而获1903年诺贝尔化学 奖。 1905年任斯德哥尔摩诺贝尔物理化学研究所 所长。阿伦尼乌斯的最大贡献是1887年提出电离 学说:电解质是溶于水中能形成导电溶液的物质; 它是物理和化学之间的一座桥梁。阿伦尼乌斯的 研究领域广泛。1889年提出活化分子和活化热概 念,导出化学反应速率公式(阿伦尼乌斯方程)。 他还研究过太阳系的成因、彗星的本性、北极光、 天体的温度、冰川的成因等,并最先对血清疗法 的机理作出化学上的解释
Inorganic chemistry:introductionInorganic chemistry: introductionA good inorganic answer:makes a statementgives an example orillustrates the statementexplains it using a theoryIt will be a factual statement about physical or chemicalproperties which is explained by theories that you havelearnt in physical chemistry3
3 Inorganic chemistry:introduction Inorganic chemistry: introduction A good inorganic answer: makes a statement gives an example or illustrates the statement explains it using a theory It will be a factual statement about physical or chemical properties which is explained by theories that you have learnt in physical chemistry
Inorganic chemistry:introductione.g. FactsTheorieslisted with an exampletheories andideas usedPhysical properties such as:state and fixed points (m.p.or b.p.)explained in terms ofmetal or non-metalstructure and bondingconductor orinsulatorhard or softductile or brittleChemical properties:explained in terms ofreactions with water,acid,or baseacid-base equilibriareactions with metals: Na, Mg, Fe, Cuexplainedin terms ofand non-metals: O2, Cl2redox equilibriareactions with ammonia, chloride orexplainedin terms offluorideions, etc.complexion equilibriabehaviorin solventsexplainedinterms ofsolubility equilibria
4 Inorganic chemistry:introduction e.g. Facts listed with an example Physical properties such as: state and fixed points (m.p.or b.p.) metal or non-metal conductor or insulator hard or soft ductile or brittle Chemical properties: reactions with water, acid , or base reactions with metals: Na, Mg, Fe, Cu and non-metals: O2’ Cl2 reactions with ammonia, chloride or fluoride ions, etc. behavior in solvents Theories theories and ideas used explained in terms of structure and bonding explained in terms of acid-base equilibria explained in terms of redox equilibria explained in terms of complex ion equilibria explained in terms of solubility equilibria
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