4.2 发酵培养基的成分及来源 Composition of media and their sources ◼ The particular composition of a fermentation medium can be simple to complex depending on the particular microorganism and its fermentation. ◼ Autotrophic(自养的) microorganisms require only the simplest of inor-ganic media. ◼ Heterotrophic (异养的) microorganisms lack the ability to synthesize many of their sustenance and growth requirements
4.2 发酵培养基的成分及来源 Composition of media and their sources ◼ The particular composition of a fermentation medium can be simple to complex depending on the particular microorganism and its fermentation. ◼ Autotrophic(自养的) microorganisms require only the simplest of inor-ganic media. ◼ Heterotrophic (异养的) microorganisms lack the ability to synthesize many of their sustenance and growth requirements
4.2.1 碳源 carbon sources ◼ Carbon source is one of main composition of media. ◼ The functions are: providing carbons and energy; the components for synthesis of products. ◼ These can include simple sugars, complex carbohydrates, alcohols, amino and other organic acids, and short-chain lipids. 常用的碳源有糖类、油脂、有机酸和低碳醇。蛋 白质、氨基酸也可用作碳源
4.2.1 碳源 carbon sources ◼ Carbon source is one of main composition of media. ◼ The functions are: providing carbons and energy; the components for synthesis of products. ◼ These can include simple sugars, complex carbohydrates, alcohols, amino and other organic acids, and short-chain lipids. 常用的碳源有糖类、油脂、有机酸和低碳醇。蛋 白质、氨基酸也可用作碳源
4.2.1.1 糖类 sugars ◼ Sugars used mainly: glucose, molasses (糖蜜), dextrin (糊精). ◼ Glucose: most microbes can utilize it. 速效碳源、 high concentration→speed respiration up→DO no enough→intermediates (中间产物） accumulation → inhibiting growth
4.2.1.1 糖类 sugars ◼ Sugars used mainly: glucose, molasses (糖蜜), dextrin (糊精). ◼ Glucose: most microbes can utilize it. 速效碳源、 high concentration→speed respiration up→DO no enough→intermediates (中间产物） accumulation → inhibiting growth
◼ molasses (糖蜜) ◼ Beet(甜菜) and cane molasses are by-products of the sugar industry. ◼ containing 50% -75% fermentable sugars, mainly sucrose. Also containing nitrogenous compounds, vitamins and minerals. ◼ Cheaper
◼ molasses (糖蜜) ◼ Beet(甜菜) and cane molasses are by-products of the sugar industry. ◼ containing 50% -75% fermentable sugars, mainly sucrose. Also containing nitrogenous compounds, vitamins and minerals. ◼ Cheaper
Starch and dextrin (糊精) ◼ Starch: -widely used in fermentation industry - starch → hydrolyze using microbial amylase →dextrin →glucose -Most common used starches: corn, wheat, potato starches. Also using corn flour. -advantages: 缓效碳源、cheaper than glucose
Starch and dextrin (糊精) ◼ Starch: -widely used in fermentation industry - starch → hydrolyze using microbial amylase →dextrin →glucose -Most common used starches: corn, wheat, potato starches. Also using corn flour. -advantages: 缓效碳源、cheaper than glucose