Inborn errors of metabolism Overview Disorders in which defects of single gene cause clinically significant blocks in metabolic pathways Many kinds of disorders Lower incidence Clinical manifestations vary widely: mental retardation, seizure, hypotonia, failure to thrive

1.小儿体液的总量 年龄越小,水分的比例越大. 体液的总量在新生儿为80% 年长儿为65% 成人为60%

Main Points Historical changes in the definition or name of the disease Different views and definitions at home and abroad What is basis for the category

Introdution Morbidity and mortality The compromised host of the neonates in immunology Pathogens for clinical consideration Clinical manifestation Antibiotic therapy

Background and Introduction Billirubin Metabolism Special problems in neonates Dangerous of the Hyperbillirubinemia The diseases in relation with Neonatal Jaundice

Definition Rickets is the term signifying a failure in mineralization of growing bone or osteoid tissue

Introduction he or hibd? The relation with asphyxia How and when it happens Clinical diagnosis Advances in treating

Preventive and clinical medicine s Protect and promote children as follows: 1. physical and psychosocial health 2. social adaptive abilities

Nutrition Basal matabolism Maintain basic physiologic activity Energy Special motility for food digestion peristalsis infant 7%-8% digestion absorption elder children 5%

Important to notice Recognize neonates with different gestational age(GA) General care for the neonates Special risks of the prematures and LBWI Importance of the initial examination after birth