Transcription is very similar to DNA replication but there are some important differencesi 1 RNA is made of ribonucleotides 2. RNA polymerase catalyzes the reaction 3. The synthesized RNa does not remain base-paired to the template DNA strand 4. Less accurate(error rate: 10-4)

There are genetic processes that rearrange DNA sequences and thus lead to a more dynamic genome structure

All DNA is recombinant DNA. Genetic exchange works constantly to blend and rearrange chromosomes, most obviously during meiosis, when homologous chromosomes pair prior to the

Molecular Biology course CHAPTER 9: The mutability and repair of DNA

CATER 8 The replication of wa Teaching Arrangement Watch animation-Understand replication

Part l: Maintenance of the genome Dedicated to the structure of NA and the processes that propagate, maintain and alter it from one cell generation to the next

Molecular Biology of the Gene, 5/E---Watson et al. (2004) Part I: Chemistry and genetics Part l: Maintenance of the Genome Part I: Expression of the Genome Part IV: Regulation Part v: Methods

Cloning vectors: 克隆载体 to clone a gene in a vector Expression vectors: 表达载体 to express a gene from a vector Integration vectors: 整合载体 to integrate a gene in a genome through a vector Cloning vectors 1 Plasmid vecters 2 Bacteriophage vectors 3 Cosmids & BACs 4 Eukaryotic vectors Cloning vectors: allowing the exogenous DNA to be inserted, stored, and manipulated mainly at DNA level. expression vectors: allowing the exogenous DNA to be inserted, stored, and expressed

一、疾病概念 疾病(disease)是指机体在一定条件下,受到一 定病因的损伤性作用后,因自稳调节紊乱而发生的 异常生命活动过程

致病因素与疾病经过的关系是很复杂的,最常 见的形式有以下几种: 只对疾病的发生起作用 致病因素只对疾病的发生起发动作用,引起机 体损害后即行消失,并不参与疾病的发展,但疾 病仍按其自身规律继续发展,甚至往往引起严重 后果。 如机械力引起创伤、高温引起烧伤以及低温引 起冻伤等