Contributors to the fourth and fifth editions IBRAHIM ABDELNOUR ROGER BERNIER nascus, Syria Atlanta, Georgia, USA THEO ABELIN RAJ BHOPAL Berne, Switzerland Edinburgh, Scotland, UK JOE ABRAMSON NICHOLAS BIRKETT Jerusalem. israel Ottawa. Ontario Canada ANDERS AHLBOM DANKMAR BOHNING Berli MOHAMED FAROUK ALLAM JEAN-FRANCOIS BoIvIN Cordoba, spain montreal, Quebec, Canada ALVARO ALONSO DAVID BONIFACE Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA London, England, UK DOUGLAS ALTMAN KNUT BORCH-JOHNSEN London, England, UK Horsholm. Denmark JANET BYRON ANDERSON RIC BOUVIER Rocky River. Ohio, USA KUNIO AOKI ANNETTE BRAUNACK-MAYER Nagoya, Japan Adelaide, South Australia, australia HAROUTUNE ARMENIAL CLIVE BROWN Baltimore, Maryland, US.A, and Port of spain, Trinidad and Tobago MARY JANE ASHLEY St Louis, Missouri, USA Toronto Ontario canada JIM BUTLER JOHN BAILAR III Canberra. act australia Chicago, Illinois, USA LEE CAPLAN MICHAEL BAKER Atlanta, Georgia, USA Wellington, New Zealand IAIN CHALMERS OLGA BASSO Oxford, England, UK Aarhus, Denmark YUE CHEN RENALDO BATTISTA Onawa. Ontario, Canada ROBERT BEAGLEHOLE Ottawa. Ontario canada Auckland New Zealand and Geneva. STELLA CHUNGONG Switzerlan Geneva, Switzerland SOLOMON BENATAR MIKE CLARKE YOAV BEN-SHLOMO TAMMY CLIFFORD BristoL, England, UK London ontario, canada
Ibrahim Abdelnour Damascus, Syria Theo Abelin Berne, Switzerland Joe Abramson Jerusalem, Israel Anders Ahlbom Stockholm, Sweden Mohamed Farouk Allam Córdoba, Spain Álvaro Alonso Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Douglas Altman London, England, UK Janet Byron Anderson Rocky River, Ohio, USA Kunio Aoki Nagoya, Japan Haroutune Armenian Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and Yerevan, Armenia Mary Jane Ashley Toronto, Ontario, Canada John Bailar III Chicago, Illinois, USA Michael Baker Wellington, New Zealand Olga Basso Aarhus, Denmark Renaldo Battista Montreal, Quebec, Canada Robert Beaglehole Auckland, New Zealand, and Geneva, Switzerland Solomon Benatar Cape Town, South Africa Yoav Ben-Shlomo Bristol, England, UK Roger Bernier Atlanta, Georgia, USA Raj Bhopal Edinburgh, Scotland, UK Nicholas Birkett Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Dankmar Böhning Berlin, Germany Jean-François Boivin Montreal, Quebec, Canada David Boniface London, England, UK Knut Borch-Johnsen Horsholm, Denmark Ric Bouvier Kew, Victoria, Australia Annette Braunack-Mayer Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Clive Brown Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago Ross Brownson St. Louis, Missouri, USA Jim Butler Canberra, ACT, Australia Lee Caplan Atlanta, Georgia, USA Iain Chalmers Oxford, England, UK Yue Chen Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Bernard Choi Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Stella Chungong Geneva, Switzerland Mike Clarke Oxford, England, UK Tammy Clifford London, Ontario, Canada Contributors to the Fourth and Fifth Editions xxi
Contributors PHILIP COLE NICOLA GRANDY Birmingham, Alabama, USA Paris, france SANDER GREENLAND Hamilton, Ontario Canada Los Angeles, California, USA DOUG COYLE DUANE GUBLER Atlanta, Georgia, USA ANDREW CREESE CHARLES GUEST Canberra. ACT. australia TEE GUIDOTTI BristoL, England, UK Washington, DC, USA SILVIA DECLIO GORDON GUYATT Rome, Italy Hamilton. Ontario Canada DEL DE HART PHILIP HALL Saginaw, Michigan, USA JULIA DEL AMO PHILIP HANNAFORD Madrid, spain Aberdeen. Scotland UK N. S DEODHAR SUSAN HARRIS Pune india Boston, Massachusetts, USA BOB DOUGLAS MAUREEN HATCH Canberra, AcT, Australia New york. New york. USA GERARD DUBOIS BRIAN HAYNES Amiens, Fre Hamilton. Ontario Canada OHN DUFFUS MIGUEL HERNAN Edinburgh, Scotland, UK Boston, Massachusetts, US.A KATE DUNN ILDEFONSO HERNANDEZ Keele. Newcastle UK Mao, Menorca, Spain MARK ELWOOD ANDREW HERXHEIMER Melbourne victoria, australia Edinburgh, Scotland, UK LEON EPSTEIN BASIL HETZEL Jerusalem israel Adelaide. South australia, australia ALVAN FEINSTEIN ALAN HINMAN New Haven. Connecticut, USA Decatur, Georgia, USA CHARLES FLOREY WALTER HOLLAND Sidmouth, England, UK London, England, UK ERICA FRANK MARIA-GRACIELA HOLLM-DELGADO RAYNER FRETZEL-BEHME D'ARCY HOLMAN Bremen, Germany Perth Western Australia. australia GARY FRIEDMAN ERNEST HOOK Oakland, California, USA Berkeley, California, USA JEFFREY HOUSE San Jose, California, USA San Francisco, California, USA ALAN GIBBS KONRAD JAMROZIK Manchester, England, UK Perth western Australia. australia PHILIPPE GRANDJEAN MOHSEN JANGHORBA Odense. denmark Isfahan, Iran
Philip Cole Birmingham, Alabama, USA Deborah Cook Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Doug Coyle Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Andrew Creese Geneva, Switzerland George Davey Smith Bristol, England, UK Silvia Declich Rome, Italy Del De Hart Saginaw, Michigan, USA Julia del Amo Madrid, Spain N. S. Deodhar Pune, India Bob Douglas Canberra, ACT, Australia Gerard Dubois Amiens, France John Duffus Edinburgh, Scotland, UK Kate Dunn Keele, Newcastle, UK Mark Elwood Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Leon Epstein Jerusalem, Israel Alvan Feinstein New Haven, Connecticut, USA Charles Florey Sidmouth, England, UK Erica Frank Atlanta, Georgia, USA Rayner Fretzel-Behme Bremen, Germany Gary Friedman Oakland, California, USA B. Burt Gerstman San Jose, California, USA Alan Gibbs Manchester, England, UK Philippe Grandjean Odense, Denmark Nicola Grandy Paris, France Sander Greenland Los Angeles, California, USA Duane Gubler Atlanta, Georgia, USA Charles Guest Canberra, ACT, Australia Tee Guidotti Washington, DC, USA Gordon Guyatt Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Philip Hall Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Philip Hannaford Aberdeen, Scotland, UK Susan Harris Boston, Massachusetts, USA Maureen Hatch New York, New York, USA Brian Haynes Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Miguel Hernán Boston, Massachusetts, USA Ildefonso Hernández Maó, Menorca, Spain Andrew Herxheimer Edinburgh, Scotland, UK Basil Hetzel Adelaide, South Australia, Australia Alan Hinman Decatur, Georgia, USA Walter Holland London, England, UK María-Graciela Hollm-Delgado Montreal, Quebec, Canada D’Arcy Holman Perth, Western Australia, Australia Ernest Hook Berkeley, California, USA Jeffrey House San Francisco, California, USA Konrad Jamrozik Perth, Western Australia, Australia Mohsen Janghorbani Isfahan, Iran Contributors xxii
ROBERT MCKEOWN Camberley, England, UK Columbia. South Carolina. USA MILOS JENICEK RICK MCLEAN Rockwood. ontario canada Melbourne victoria australi MUSTAFA KHOGALI TONY MCMICHAEL Beirut, Lebanon DANIEL KIM CURTIS MEINERT Boston, Massachusetts, USA Baltimore, Maryland, USA MAURICE KING JAIME MIRANDA Leeds, England, UK London, England, UK TORD KJELLSTROM DAVID MOHER Auckland New Zealand Ottawa. Ontario canada DAN KREWSKI ALFREDO MORABIA Ottawa. Ontario Canada New york. New york. USa NINO KUNZLI SALAH MOST Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Cairo, Egypt DIANA KUH NORMAN NOAH London, England, UK London, England, UK PATRICIA O'CAMPO New Delhi India Baltimore, Maryland, US.A STEPHEN LAMBERT JORN OLSEN Melbourne. victoria. australia Aarhus. Denmark HENK LAMBERTS NIGEL PANETH Amsterdam. Netherlands Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA RON LAPORTE SKIP PAYNE Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Tiffin, Ohio, USA JOHN LAST Ottawa. Ontario Canada Wellington, New Zealand DIANA LAUDERDALE Chicago, Illinois, USA Sierra Madre, California, US.A ABBY LIPPMAN AILEEN PLANT Montreal, Quebec, Canada Perth. Western Australia. australia IRVINE LOUDON MIQUEL PORT Oxford, England, UK Barcelona, Catalonia, spain SHI LUYAN ZORAN RADOVANOVIC Wuhan china Safat, Kuwait and Belgrade, Yugoslavia JOHAN MACKENBACH MATI RAHU Rotterdam. Netherlands Tallinn. estonia AHMID MANDIL GLORIA RAMIREZ Dammam. Saudi arabia santiago de Chile, chile ARTURO MARTI-CARVAJAL JOsE RIGAU Valencia. venezuela Atlanta, Georgia, USA JOHN MCCALLUM CHRIS RISSELL Canberra. act australia Sydney, New South Wales, Australia IAN MCDOWELL KEN ROTHMAN Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Boston, Massachusetts, USA
Tom Jefferson Camberley, England, UK Milos Jenicek Rockwood, Ontario, Canada Mustafa Khogali Beirut, Lebanon Daniel Kim Boston, Massachusetts, USA Maurice King Leeds, England, UK Tord Kjellström Auckland, New Zealand Dan Krewski Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Nino Künzli Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Diana Kuh London, England, UK Chandrakant Lahariya, New Delhi, India Stephen Lambert Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Henk Lamberts Amsterdam, Netherlands Ron Laporte Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA John Last Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Diana Lauderdale Chicago, Illinois, USA Abby Lippman Montreal, Quebec, Canada Irvine Loudon Oxford, England, UK Shi Luyan Wuhan, China Johan Mackenbach Rotterdam, Netherlands Ahmid Mandil Dammam, Saudi Arabia Arturo Martí-Carvajal Valencia, Venezuela John McCallum Canberra, ACT, Australia Ian McDowell Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Robert McKeown Columbia, South Carolina, USA Rick McLean Melbourne, Victoria, Australia Tony McMichael Canberra, Australia Curtis Meinert Baltimore, Maryland, USA Jaime Miranda London, England, UK David Moher Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Alfredo Morabia New York, New York, USA Salah Mostafa Cairo, Egypt Norman Noah London, England, UK Patricia O’Campo Baltimore, Maryland, USA Jørn Olsen Aarhus, Denmark Nigel Paneth Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Skip Payne Tiffi n, Ohio, USA Neil Pearce Wellington, New Zealand Diana Petitti Sierra Madre, California, USA Aileen Plant Perth, Western Australia, Australia Miquel Porta Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain Zoran Radovanovic Safat, Kuwait and Belgrade, Yugoslavia Mati Rahu Tallinn, Estonia Gloria Ramirez Santiago de Chile, Chile Jose Rigau Atlanta, Georgia, USA Chris Rissell Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Ken Rothman Boston, Massachusetts, USA xxiii Contributors
Contributors MICHAEL RYAN MICHEL THURIAUX Geneva, Switzerland Geneva, Switzerland LUCIE RYCHETNIK KAREN TROLLOPE-KUMAR Sydney, New South Wales, australia Hamilton Ontario Canada RODOLFO SARACCI ELENA TSCHISHOWA Be DAVID SAVITZ JAN VANDENBROUCKE lew york. New york, USA Utrecht Netherlands PATHOM SAWANPANYALERT HECTORⅤ ELASCO Bangkok, Thailand Baltimore, Maryland, US.A, an ESCHIPF Cuernavaca. mexico Hamburg, germany SALLY VERNON FRAN SCOTT Houston Texas, USA amilton. Ontario canada VASILY VLASSOV JACK SIEMIATYCKI Moscow. russia Laval, Quebec, Canada DOUGLAS L WEED CHITR SITTHI-AMORN Washington, DC, USA Bangkok, Thailand DENISE WERKER Ottawa. Ontario Canada Uppsala, Sweden CLAES- GORAN WESTRIN CYNTHIA SONICH-MULLIN Uppsala, Sweden Paris, france FRANK WHITE COLIN SOSKOLNE Karachi Pakistan Edmonton. alberta. Co KERR WHITE BOB SPASOFF Charlottesville, virginia, USA Ottawa. Ontario Canada P AUKE WIEGERSMA HANS STORM Groningen, The Netherlands Copenhagen, Denmark DON WIGLE DAVID STREINER Ottawa. Ontario Canada Hamilton Ontario canada ALLEN WILCOX EZRA SUSSER Research Triangle Park, New york. New York. USA North Carolina. USa MERVYN SUSSER MICHAEL WOLFSON New york. New york. USA Ottawa. Ontario, Canada KAZUO TAJIMA HIROSHI YANAGAWA Jichi, Japan JosE A. TAPIA KUE YOUNG Ann Arbor, Michigan, US.A Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Michael Ryan Geneva, Switzerland Lucie Rychetnik Sydney, New South Wales, Australia Rodolfo Saracci Lyon, France David Savitz New York, New York, USA Pathom Sawanpanyalert Bangkok, Thailand Sabine Schipf Hamburg, Germany Fran Scott Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Jack Siemiatycki Laval, Quebec, Canada Chitr Sitthi-Amorn Bangkok, Thailand Björn Smedby Uppsala, Sweden Cynthia Sonich-Mullin Paris, France Colin Soskolne Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Bob Spasoff Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Hans Storm Copenhagen, Denmark David Streiner Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Ezra Susser New York, New York, USA Mervyn Susser New York, New York, USA Kazuo Tajima Nagoya, Japan José A. Tapia Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA Michel Thuriaux Geneva, Switzerland Karen Trollope-Kumar Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Elena Tschishowa Berlin, Germany Jan Vandenbroucke Utrecht, Netherlands Hector Velasco Baltimore, Maryland, USA, and Cuernavaca, Mexico Sally Vernon Houston, Texas, USA Vasily Vlassov Moscow, Russia Douglas L. Weed Washington, DC, USA Denise Werker Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Claes-Göran Westrin Uppsala, Sweden Frank White Karachi, Pakistan Kerr White Charlottesville, Virginia, USA P. Auke Wiegersma Groningen, The Netherlands Don Wigle Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Allen Wilcox Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA Michael Wolfson Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Hiroshi Yanagawa Jiichi, Japan Kue Young Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada Contributors xxiv
A Dictionary of Epidemiology
A Dictionary of Epidemiology