Chapter 29 Thyroid and Antithyroid Drug
Chapter 29 Thyroid and Antithyroid Drug
【Chemistry】 principal hormones are iodine-containing amino acid derivatives of thyronine-(T4 and T3). 【Thyroid physiology.】 sufficient amounts of the thyroid hormones- triiodothyronine(T3,三碘甲状腺原氨酸)and tetraiodothyronine(T4,thyroxine,甲状腺素) -to maintain normal growth and development,normal body temperature,and normal energy levels
【 Chemistry】 principal hormones are iodine-containing amino acid derivatives of thyronine-(T4 and T3). 【Thyroid physiology】 sufficient amounts of the thyroid hormonestriiodothyronine(T3，三碘甲状腺原氨酸) and tetraiodothyronine(T4, thyroxine，甲状腺素) –to maintain normal growth and development,normal body temperature,and normal energy levels
1 Biosynthesis of Thyroid Hormones (1)Uptake of Iodide thyroid gland efficiently and actively transports iodide from plasma. (2)Oxidation and iodination: hypoiodous(HOD, Iodide Peroxidasehypoiodateke spee rapidly iodinates monoiodotyrosine(MIT) tyrosine residues diiodotyrosine(DIT). (3)Formation of Thyroxine and Triiodothyonine Two diiodotyrosyl residues Peroxidase thyroxine Monoiodotyrosyl and diiodotyrosyl couplingtriiodothyronine
1 Biosynthesis of Thyroid Hormones (1)Uptake of Iodide : thyroid gland efficiently and actively transports iodide from plasma. (2)Oxidation and iodination: Iodide hypoiodate[ ] (3)Formation of Thyroxine and Triiodothyonine : Two diiodotyrosyl residues thyroxine Monoiodotyrosyl and diiodotyrosyl triiodothyronine Peroxidase rapidly iodinates tyrosine residues monoiodotyrosine(MIT) diiodotyrosine(DIT). hypoiodous(HOI), an enzyme-linked species Peroxidase coupling
(4)Secretion of Thyroid Hormones: proteolysis is an important part of the secretory process.Proteolytic enzymes,which hydrolyze thyroglobulin and release T4 and T3. (5)Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in peripheral tissues: The primary pathway for the peripheral metabolish of thyroxine is deiodination. Deiodination of T4 produces T3,which is three to four times more potent than T4. metabolism of thyroxine sequential monodeiodination in the peripheral tissues account for about 80% of circulating triiodothyronine
(4)Secretion of Thyroid Hormones: proteolysis is an important part of the secretory process. Proteolytic enzymes, which hydrolyze thyroglobulin and release T4 and T3. (5)Conversion of thyroxine to triiodothyronine in peripheral tissues: The primary pathway for the peripheral metabolish of thyroxine is deiodination. Deiodination of T4 produces T3, which is three to four times more potent than T4. metabolism of thyroxine by sequential monodeiodination in the peripheral tissues account for about 80% of circulating triiodothyronine
THYROID GLAND Transport Peroxidase Thyroglobulin MIT-DlT-TgT4 lodides Proteolysis hiomides SCN-,CIO T4.T3 PERIPHERAL BLOOD TISSUES T4.Ta Ipodate. B-blockers. corticosteroids Figure 38-1.Biosynthesis of thyroid hormones.The sites of action of various drugs that interfere with thyroid hormone biosynthesis are shown