Pare—一外科学之父“头匠外科医生-欢
Pare——外科学之父 “剃头匠外科医生
腰推穿刺木（LumbarPuncture）的诞生和内压的发现(Quincke1872）腰椎穿刺为颅内压的测量提供了直接方法LevelofiliaccrestsPuncture siteL4-L5
腰椎穿刺术（Lumbar Puncture） 的诞生和颅内压的发现 （Quincke 1872） 腰椎穿刺为颅内压的测 量提供了直接方法
种经外科学的诞生XSomroiHarvey Williams Cushing18691939
神经外科学的诞生 Harvey Williams Cushing 1869—1939
The Nobel PrizeinPhysics1901"in recognition of the extraordinaryservices hehas rendered by thediscovery of the remarkable rayssubseguently named after him"GermanyMunich UniversityMunich,GermanyWilhelm Conrad Rontgen（1845-1923）X线的发现实现了神经外科的第一次飞跃
X线的发现 实现了神经外科的第一次飞跃 Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901 "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him" Germany Munich University Munich, Germany (1845-1923)
The Nobel Prize in Physiologyor Medicine1949"forhis.discovery of theforhis discovery of the tharapeungfunctionalorganization oftheFalueofleucotamyin certaininterbrainasacoardifiatofapsychoses:the activities oftha lntemaorgansAntonio Caetano deAbreu FreireEgas MonizWalter Rudolf Hess(1874-1955)(1881-1973)University of Lisbon:NeurologicalUniversity of ZurichInstituteLisbon,PortugalZurich,Switzerland
The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1949 "for his discovery of the functional organization of the interbrain as a coordinator of the activities of the internal organs“ Walter Rudolf Hess (1881-1973) University of Zurich Zurich, Switzerland "for his discovery of the therapeutic value of leucotomy in certain psychoses" Antonio Caetano de Abreu Freire Egas Moniz (1874-1955) University of Lisbon; Neurological Institute Lisbon, Portugal