Mendel's Laws of Inheritance (孟德尔遗传定律) A gene can exist in different forms called alleles(等位基因) √One allele can be dominant(显性)over the other,recessive(隐性)allele The first filial generation (F)contains offspring of the original parents If each parent carries two copies of a gene, the parents are diploid(双倍体)for that gene
Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance (孟德尔遗传定律) ✓One allele can be dominant (显性) over the other, recessive (隐性) allele ✓The first filial generation (F1 ) contains offspring of the original parents ✓If each parent carries two copies of a gene, the parents are diploid (双倍体) for that gene ✓A gene can exist in different forms called alleles (等位基因)
Mendel's Gene Transmission √Sex cells,or gametes(配子)are haploid(单倍体)， containing only 1 copy of each gene. √Parents are homozygotes(纯和体)，having2 copies of one allele,it produce gametes having only one allele. √Heterozygotes(杂合体)have one copy of each allele,it produce gametes having either allele,its characteristic is dictated by the dominant allele.The recessive allele is not lost;it can still exert its influence when paired with another recessive allele in a homozygote
Mendel’s Gene Transmission ✓ Sex cells, or gametes (配子) are haploid (单倍体) , containing only 1 copy of each gene. ✓ Parents are homozygotes (纯和体) , having 2 copies of one allele, it produce gametes having only one allele. ✓ Heterozygotes (杂合体) have one copy of each allele, it produce gametes having either allele, its characteristic is dictated by the dominant allele. The recessive allele is not lost; it can still exert its influence when paired with another recessive allele in a homozygote
Where is the inheritance particulate (gene/allele) 72)777722 Chromosome Gregor Mendel 1822-1884 Theory of particulate inheritance Law of segregation(分离定律) Law of independent assortment(自由组合定律)
Gregor Mendel 1822-1884 Theory of particulate inheritance Law of segregation(分离定律 ) Law of independent assortment(自由组合定律 ) Where is the inheritance particulate（gene/allele) ????????? Chromosome
1900 Mendel's Laws of Inheritance had been confirmed by Hug0 de vires1848-1935荷兰阿姆斯特丹大学 Erich von Tchermark1871-1962德国±宾根大学 Carl C0 rrens1864-1933奥地利维也纳农业大学
1900 Hugo de vires 1848-1935 荷兰 阿姆斯特丹大学 Erich von Tchermark 1871-1962 德国 土宾根大学 Carl Correns 1864-1933 奥地利 维也纳农业大学 Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance had been confirmed by
The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance (染色体遗传学说) √Chromosomes(染色体)are discrete(不连续的) physical entities that carry the genes (1926 T.H.Morgan) √Morgan used the fruit fly,Drosophila(果蝇)，to study genetics √Autosomes(常染色体)occur in pairs in a given individual √Sex chromosomes(性染色体)are identified as X and Y Female has two X chromosomes Male has one X and one Y chromosome
The Chromosome Theory of Inheritance （染色体遗传学说） ✓ Chromosomes (染色体) are discrete (不连续的) physical entities that carry the genes ✓ Morgan used the fruit fly, Drosophila (果蝇) , to study genetics ✓ Autosomes(常染色体) occur in pairs in a given individual ✓ Sex chromosomes (性染色体) are identified as X and Y – Female has two X chromosomes – Male has one X and one Y chromosome (1926 T. H. Morgan)