10(D R(υ Speed Qualitative plots showing the variation with speed of the Maxwell-Boltzmann probability distribution p(v) and the fusion reaction rate vo(v). Their product R(V(shown dashed), which has a maximum at Vm, corresponding to an effective thermal energy Em
Qualitative plots showing the variation with speed of the Maxwell-Boltzmann probability distribution p(v) and the fusion reaction rate vσ(v). Their product R(v) (shown dashed), which has a maximum at vm, corresponding to an effective thermal energy Em
22 t(d, n) 4He He(d, P)4He tID-D total 23 10 4 10-26 10 I00 I000 Temperature(keV) Is D-T reaction favourable?
Is D-T reaction favourable?
Performance criteria Fusion Process Deuterium Tritum Energy +n n n 20% Goes to sustal THERMAL Reactlon ENERGY 80% Goes to Generate Electricity The plasma will radiate energy to its surroundings at a rate that depends on its temperature T. The primary mechanism for this power loss is bremsstrahlung E#=1.4x10 211pneni4 9B
Performance criteria The plasma will radiate energy to its surroundings at a rate that depends on its temperature T. The primary mechanism for this power loss is bremsstrahlung
Lawson criterion A preliminary stage on the way to either the break-even or ignition points is to be able to confine a hot, reacting plasma long enough that the nuclear energy produced exceeds the energy required to create the plasma fusion energy output Er=nine 0o)@t n1=n2=n/2 E 0)t There are n ions and n electrons in the plasma and, in equilibrium, each has to be given the same initial, average kinetic en= 3nkt energy 3/2kT. So, the energy required to create the plasma is Ef> e Lawson criterion 12kT nt (uo)Q
Lawson criterion fusion energy output There are n ions and n electrons in the plasma and, in equilibrium, each has to be given the same initial, average kinetic energy 3/2kT. So, the energy required to create the plasma is Lawson criterion A preliminary stage on the way to either the break-even or ignition points is to be able to confine a hot, reacting plasma long enough that the nuclear energy produced exceeds the energy required to create the plasma
D-T plasma, kT=20 keV, nt>3 x 10 m 3 D-D plasma, kT=100 keV nT >3 x 1021 s m-3 -T Reactio D-D Reaction 5lo-25 Deuter。 n Energ
D-T plasma, kT = 20 keV, D-D plasma, kT = l00 keV