Chapter 5 Thermonuclear Fusion 1Introduction 2. Thermonuclear Reactions and energy Production Basic reactions and Q values Cross sections 3. Fusion in a hot medium 4. Progress Towards Fusion Power Magnetic confinement Inertial confinement fusion 5. Stellar Burning
Chapter 5. Thermonuclear Fusion 1.Introduction 2.Thermonuclear Reactions and Energy Production 3.Fusion in a Hot Medium 4.Progress Towards Fusion Power 5.Stellar Burning
Nuclear fusion The fusion process Neutron protor Two nuclei combine into one nucleus plus a nucleon is Collision called nuclear fusion a nuclear reaction The picture here illustrates the fusion of D+犴T→4He+n that releases a lot of energy Fusion Fusion
Fusion 2 Nuclear Fusion Two nuclei combine into one nucleus plus a nucleon is called nuclear fusion, a nuclear reaction. The picture here illustrates the fusion of 2D + 3T → 4He + n that releases a lot of energy. The Fusion Process Collision Fusion Neutron proton
ncident Barrier Transmitted beam region i beam E x Distance Penetration through a rectangular energy barrier(height B )of a particle beam, of kinetic energy e(< B), incident from the left. The form of the wave functioni, 4 is sketched In the upper part of the figure. Inside the barrier, 4 is an exponentially decaying function of X The coulomb barrier between two + hydrogen nuclei is about 200 keV
Penetration through a rectangular energy barrier (height B) of a particle beam, of kinetic energy E (< B), incident from the left. The form of the wave functioni, Ψ is sketched In the upper part of the figure. Inside the barrier, Ψ is an exponentially decaying function of x. The Coulomb barrier between two hydrogen nuclei is about 200 keV
Nuclear Fusion Energy for D-T Fusion Estimate the fusion energy for d+t,4He+n Estimate the fusion energy Q The mass excess Mev) are given below every species d + t 4He 13.136+14950=2.425+8.070+Q Q=17.6 MeV/fusion This amount is 3.5 Me amu compared to 0.8 MeV/amu for fission Estimating Q is an important skill. Mass and mass excess can be used the latter is usually given to unstable nuclides
4 Nuclear Fusion Energy for D-T Fusion Estimate the fusion energy for D + T → 4He + n Estimate the fusion energy Q The mass excess (MeV) are given below every species. D + T → 4He + n + Q 13.136 + 14.950 = 2.425 + 8.070 + Q Q = 17.6 MeV/fusion This amount is 3.5 MeV/amu compared to 0.8 MeV/amu for fission. Estimating Q is an important skill. Mass and mass excess can be used, the latter is usually given to unstable nuclides
Nuclear Fusion Energy for Fusion Reactions Common fusion reactions and their Q values D+D→>4He++23.85MeV H+H→>D+βt+V+1.44MeV D+T→4He+n+176Me∨ D+3He→4He+p+184MeV D+D→3He+n+33MeV D+D→3T+p+4.0MeV ATOM LARGER ENERGY> See Interactive Plasma Physics Education ATOM Experiencehttp://ippEx.pppl.gov/ Fusion ATOM
Fusion 5 Nuclear Fusion Energy for Fusion Reactions Common fusion reactions and their Q values D + D → 4He + n + 23.85 MeV H + H → D + + + n + 1.44 MeV D + T → 4He + n + 17.6 MeV D + 3He → 4He + p + 18.4 MeV D + D → 3He + n + 3.3 MeV D + D → 3T + p + 4.0 MeV See Interactive Plasma Physics Education Experience : http:// ippex.pppl.gov/