Chapter 6. Nuclear Weapons 1. History of Weapons Development 2. Nuclear Explosions Producing Bomb Materials Energy yield Critical Mass for Nuclear Weapons Buildup of a Chain Reaction 3. Uranium and Nuclear Weapons 4. Plutonium and Nuclear Weapons Explosive Properties of Plutonium Reactor-Grade Plutonium as a Weapons Material 5. Nuclear Weapons related Issues
Chapter 6. Nuclear Weapons 1.History of Weapons Development 2.Nuclear Explosions 3.Uranium and Nuclear Weapons 4.Plutonium and Nuclear Weapons 5.Nuclear Weapons related Issues Producing Bomb Materials Energy Yield Critical Mass for Nuclear Weapons Buildup of a Chain Reaction Explosive Properties of Plutonium Reactor-Grade Plutonium as a Weapons Material
1934: Italian physicist Enrico Fermi learns how to produce nuclear fission Race to develop weaponized nuclear reactions 1942: US Manhattan Project!'led by robert Oppenheimer develops fission weapons 1945: Little Boy' and'Fat Man' dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. WWll ends -Over 100,000 dead 1949: USSR tests its first nuclear weapon
•1934: Italian physicist Enrico Fermi learns how to produce nuclear fission. – Race to develop weaponized nuclear reactions. • 1942: US ‘Manhattan Project’ led by Robert Oppenheimer develops fission weapons. • 1945: ‘Little Boy’ and ‘Fat Man’ dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. WWII ends.– Over 100,000 dead. • 1949: USSR tests its first nuclear weapon
1952: US develops first fusion bomb(H-Bomb 450 times more powerful than Nagasaki bomb 1952: UK develops its own nuclear weapon 1960: France develops nuclear weapon 1964: China develops nuclear weapon 1968: US USSR China France, UK sign nuclear non-proliferation treaty(NPT) 189 countries now party to the treaty Yet, others have developed nuclear weapons Israel, Pakistan, India, North Korea, ( South Africa) Iran may be pursuing nuclear weapons capabilities, but claims program is peaceful During the 1960s, it became possible for nuclear weapons to be delivered anywhere in the world
•1952: US develops first fusion bomb (H-Bomb). – 450 times more powerful than Nagasaki bomb. • 1952: UK develops its own nuclear weapon. • 1960: France develops nuclear weapon. • 1964: China develops nuclear weapon. •1968: US USSR China France, UK sign nuclear non-proliferation treaty (NPT). – 189 countries now party to the treaty. • Yet, others have developed nuclear weapons: – Israel, Pakistan, India, North Korea, (South Africa). • Iran may be pursuing nuclear weapons capabilities, but claims program is peaceful. During the 1960s, it became possible for nuclear weapons to be delivered anywhere in the world
Year of Achieving Country Weapon Electric power First power reactor United states 1945 1957 Shippingport(60 MWe) Former USsR 1949 1958 Troisk A(100 MWe Ingdom 1952 1956 Calder Hall 1(50 MWe) france 1960 1964 Chinon Al(70 MWe) China 1964 ~1992a Qinshan 1(300 MWe) Comparison of years of achieving nuclear weapons and civilian nuclear electric power, for acknowledged nuclear- weapon countries
Comparison of years of achieving nuclear weapons and civilian nuclear electric power, for acknowledged nuclear-weapon countries
History Of Nuclear Weapons Nuclear weapons were symbols of military and national power, and testing nuclear was often used both to test new designs as well as to send political messages There are at least 29000 nuclear weapons held by at least seven countries, though 96%of these are in the possession of just two the United states and the russian Federation
History Of Nuclear Weapons Nuclear weapons were symbols of military and national power, and testing nuclear was often used both to test new designs as well as to send political messages. There are at least 29,000 nuclear weapons held by at least seven countries, though 96% of these are in the possession of just two the United States and the Russian Federation