B Endomembrane system Plasma membrane Extracellular medium Endocytic vesicle L Perinuclear space Nuclear envelope Transport vesicles Late endosome complex Secretory Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Rough endoplasmic reticulum Peroxisomes Cytosol Endomembrane System The structural and functional relationship organelles including ER, Golgi complex, lysosome, endosomes, secretory vesicles. .Membrane-bound structures(organelles) are found in all eukaryotic cells
B. Endomembrane System ❖Endomembrane System : The structural and functional relationship organelles including ER,Golgi complex, lysosome, endosomes, secretory vesicles. ❖Membrane-bound structures (organelles) are found in all eukaryotic cells
Relative volumes occupied by the major intracellular compartments in Liver Cell Intracellular compartment of total cell volume Cytosol 54 Mitochondria Rough er cisternae Smooth er cisternae plus golgi cisternae N ucleus 6 Peroxisome lysosomes Endosomes
Intracellular compartment % of total cell volume Cytosol 54 Mittchondria 22 Rough ER cisternae 9 Smooth ER cisternae plus Golgi cisternae 6 Nucleus 6 Peroxisome 1 Lysosomes 1 Endosomes 1 Relative volumes occupied by the major intracellular compartments in Liver Cell
C. The dynamic Nature of the Endomembrane system o Most organelles are part of a dynamic system in which vesicles move between compartments Biosynthetic pathways move proteins, carbohydrates and lipids within the cell Secretory pathways discharge proteins from cells Endocytic pathways move materials into cells Sorting signals are recognized by receptors and target proteins to specific sites
C. The Dynamic Nature of the Endomembrane System ❖Most organelles are part of a dynamic system in which vesicles move between compartments. ❖Biosynthetic parthways move proteins, carbohydrates and lipids within the cell. ❖Secretory pathways discharge proteins from cells. ❖Endocytic parthways move materials into cells. ❖Sorting signals are recognized by receptors and target proteins to specific sites
D. A few approaches to the study of cytomembranes Insights gained from autoradiography; Insights gained from the biochemical analysis of subcellular fractions o Insights gained from the study of genetic mutants The dynamic activities of endomembrane systems are highly conserved despite the structural diversity of different cell types
D. A few approaches to the study of cytomembranes ❖ Insights gained from autoradiography; ❖ Insights gained from the biochemical analysis of subcellular fractions; ❖Insights gained from the study of genetic mutants; The dynamic activities of endomembrane systems are highly conserved despite the structural diversity of different cell types
De duve. A Claude and G Palade. 1974 Nobel prize Tme of cnase (mink Nucleus 20 min 120mm
De Duve, A.Claude and G.Palade,1974 Nobel Plrize