+30 +10 中E -40 只 100 200 300 Thyroid hormones ug/day) FIGURE 76.5 Approximate relation of daily rate of thyroid hormone(Ti and T,) secretion to the hasal metabolic raie
on metabolism of protein Physiological level: stimulates synthesis of proteins and enzymes Hyperthyroidism: catabolism of protein, leads weigh-loss and muscle weakness Hypothyroidism: myxedema(粘液性 水肿) develops because of deposition of mucoprotein binding with positive ions and water molecules in the interstitial spaces while protein synthesis ecreases
on metabolism of protein • Physiological level: stimulates synthesis of proteins and enzymes, • Hyperthyroidism: catabolism of protein, leads weigh-loss and muscle weakness • Hypothyroidism: myxedema (粘液性 水肿） develops because of deposition of mucoprotein binding with positive ions and water molecules in the interstitial spaces while protein synthesis decreases
On carbohydrate metabolism Increase absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract a Enhance glycogenolysis, and even enhanced diabetogenic effect of glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone a Enhancement of glucose utilization of peripheral tissues
On carbohydrate metabolism ◼ Increase absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal tract ◼ Enhance glycogenolysis, and even enhanced diabetogenic effect of glucagon, cortisol and growth hormone. ◼ Enhancement of glucose utilization of peripheral tissues
On fat metabolism ■ Fatty acids accelerate the oxidation of free fatty acids increase the effect of catecholamine on decomposition of fat a decrease plasma cholesterol concentration promote synthesis increase decomposition
On fat metabolism ◼ Fatty acids: ◼ accelerate the oxidation of free fatty acids ◼ increase the effect of catecholamine on decomposition of fat. ◼ decrease plasma cholesterol concentration ◼ promote synthesis ◼ increase decomposition
2. on Growth and Development essential for normal growth and development especially skeletal growth and development a stimulate formation of dendrites, axons. myelin and neuroglia Cretinism a child without a thyroid gland growth and mental retardation
2. on Growth and Development ◼ essential for normal growth and development ◼ especially skeletal growth and development. ◼ stimulate formation of dendrites, axons, myelin and neuroglia. ◼ Critinism ◼ A child without a thyroid gland ◼ growth and mental retardation