l.5.2注意培养语境意识Context Awareness 1.5.2.1什么是语境What is context 语境即语言环境或交际行为产生的具体环境， 是语言在其间作为交际手段发挥作用的真实环 境，有人、时、地等诸因素的差异。 Context:the discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation the text in which a word or passage appears and which helps ascertain its meaning;the surroundings,circumstances,environment, background or settings which determine, specify,or clarify the meaning of an event
1.5.2 注意培养语境意识Context Awareness 1.5.2.1 什么是语境 What is context 语境即语言环境或交际行为产生的具体环境， 是语言在其间作为交际手段发挥作用的真实环 境，有人、时、地等诸因素的差异。 Context: the discourse that surrounds a language unit and helps to determine its interpretation the text in which a word or passage appears and which helps ascertain its meaning; the surroundings, circumstances, environment, background or settings which determine, specify, or clarify the meaning of an event
Context linguistic context non-linguistic context After Babel-Aspects of Language and Translation by George Steiner
Context linguistic context non-linguistic context After Babel—Aspects of Language and Translation by George Steiner
The difficulties of translating Chinese into a Western language are notorious.Chinese is composed mainly of monosyllabic units with a wide range of diverse meanings.The grammar lacks clear tense distinctions.The characters are logographic but many contain pictorial rudiments or suggestions.The relations between propositions are paratactic rather than syntactic and punctuation marks represent breathing pauses far more than they do logical or grammatical segmentations.No grammar or dictionary is of very much use to the translator:only context,in the fullest linguistic-cultural sense, certifies meaning.(Steiner 1973:19)
The difficulties of translating Chinese into a Western language are notorious. Chinese is composed mainly of monosyllabic units with a wide range of diverse meanings. The grammar lacks clear tense distinctions. The characters are logographic but many contain pictorial rudiments or suggestions. The relations between propositions are paratactic rather than syntactic and punctuation marks represent breathing pauses far more than they do logical or grammatical segmentations.No grammar or dictionary is of very much use to the translator: only context, in the fullest linguistic-cultural sense, certifies meaning. (Steiner 1973: 19)
1.5.2.2上下文(Co-text;immediate linguistic context) 专卖店 high street shops boutique outlet Haier 用品 体育用品sporting goods 办公用品office supplies 文化用品stationery 钓鱼用品fishing gear
1.5.2.2 上下文 (Co-text; immediate linguistic context) 专卖店 high street shops boutique outlet Haier 用品 体育用品 sporting goods 办公用品office supplies 文化用品stationery 钓鱼用品fishing gear