Factors influencing distribution 4.Selective accumulation of drugs The concentrations of some drugs will be either considerably higher or considerably lower in particular tissues. Eg:Tetracyclinebone 4 26
The concentrations of some drugs will be either considerably higher or considerably lower in particular tissues. Factors influencing distribution 4. Selective accumulation of drugs 26 Eg： Tetracycline Tetracycline→bone
3.Drug Metabolism( Biotransformation) Rw...S Drug Metabolism refers to the processes by which drugs are modified by the organism. 27
3. Drug Metabolism (Biotransformation) Drug Metabolism refers to the 27 processes by which drugs are modified by the organism
Consequences of drug metabolism Drugs CYPs termination of drug active pharmacological Toxic metabolite action (inactive) agent elimination active drug form toxicity 28
Consequences of drug metabolism Drugs CYPs 28 active pharmacological agent elimination active drug form toxicity termination of drug action (inactive) Toxic metabolite
Sites of Drug Metabolism @Drug metabolizing mostly in LIVER BUT most other tissues also can metabolize 一 Lung -Kidney Intestines -Placenta 29
Sites of Drug Metabolism Drug metabolizing mostly in LIVER BUT most other tissues also can metabolize － Lung 29 － Kidney － Intestines － Placenta 6
General Metabolic Pathways Drug Metabolism Oxidation 。 ·Reduction ·Hydrolysis ·Increase in hydrophilicity:by Phase introducing or unmasking functional Reactions groups (-OH,-SH,-NH2,-COOH, etc.) Reduction in stability Phase ll Reactions Facilitation of conjugation Conjugation:further increase aqueous solubility 30
General Metabolic Pathways 30