Peculiar Medication in newborns Pharmacokinetics in newborn Physiological status of newborns Pharmacokinetics in newborn Imperfect liver and kidney function Poor metabolism and excretion Great individual difference Dosage can not calculated based on the dosage for adults Imperfect blood-brain barrier Drug easy transfer into brain High Body surface area External drugs easy to be absorbed 6
Imperfect liver and kidney function Great individual difference Pharmacokinetics in newborn Peculiar Peculiar Medication in newborns Medication in newborns Poor metabolism and excretion Dosage can not calculated based Physiological status of newborns Physiological status of newborns Pharmacokinetics in Pharmacokinetics in newborn newborn 6 Great individual difference Imperfect Imperfect blood-brain barrier High Body surface area Dosage can not calculated based on the dosage for adults Drug easy transfer into brain External drugs easy to be absorbed
Peculiar Medication in newborns Drug absorption in newborns is affected by administration route Intravenous administration(frequently used ) stable absorption,at slow speed. Local drug administration fast absorption,skin,mouth,rectal,avoid toxicity on broken and inflammatory skin. Intramusclar administration irregular absorption (less muscle and poor circulation)
Intravenous administration (frequently used )： stable absorption, at slow speed. Local drug administration : Drug absorption in newborns is affected by administration route Peculiar Peculiar Medication in newborns Medication in newborns Local drug administration : fast absorption, skin, mouth, rectal, avoid toxicity on broken and inflammatory skin. Intramusclar administration ： irregular absorption (less muscle and poor circulation) 7
Pharmacodynamics in newborn Peculiar drug reaction in newborn 1.Hypersensitive reaction 2.Hemolysis,jaundice caused by drugs 3.Hemiglobin 4.Hemorrhage 5.Toxic reaction of nervous system 6.Gray baby syndrom 8
Pharmacodynamics Pharmacodynamics in newborn in newborn 1. Hypersensitive reaction 2. Hemolysis, jaundice caused by drugs Peculiar drug reaction in newborn 8 3. Hemiglobin 6. Gray baby syndrom 5. Toxic reaction of nervous system 4. Hemorrhage
Peculiar drug reaction in newborn 1.Hypersensitive reaction e.g. Morphine respiratory depression Underdeveloped central nervous system, e Digitalis and Salicylate are Toxic Underdeveloped renal excretion and high plasma concentration 9
1. Hypersensitive reaction Morphine respiratory depression Underdeveloped central nervous system, Peculiar drug reaction in newborn e.g. 9 Digitalis and Salicylate are Toxic Underdeveloped renal excretion and high plasma concentration
Peculiar drug reaction in newborn 2.Hemolysis,jaundice caused by drugs Metabolism in liver rifampicin Globin 珠蛋白 novobiocin Free Porphyrin Bilirubin ive Hemoglobin 卟啉 胆红素 iron铁 conjunction type Erythrocyte of Bilirubin 结合型胆红素 Eliminate from Stability of erythrocyte membrane Intestinal tract ·Synthtic vitamin K Suppress Bowl movemrnt ·Sulfonamides磺胺类 Kill normal flora in intestinal 10 tract
Free Porphyrin Globin 珠蛋白 Bilirubin Metabolism in liver • rifampicin • novobiocin 2. Hemolysis, jaundice caused by drugs Peculiar drug reaction in newborn liver 10 Free Hemoglobin iron铁 Porphyrin 卟啉 Bilirubin 胆红素 conjunction type of Bilirubin 结合型胆红素 Eliminate from Intestinal tract • Synthtic vitamin K Synthtic vitamin K • Sulfonamides 磺胺类 Sulfonamides 磺胺类 • Suppress Bowl movemrnt Suppress Bowl movemrnt • Kill normal flora in intestinal tract Stability of erythrocyte membrane liver Erythrocyte