弥散性血管内凝血 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (D|C)
弥散性血管内凝血 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Concept Concept DC是一种继发性的,以广泛微血栓形成并相继出现止、凝血功 能障碍为病理特征的临床综合症。 DIC is a pathological syndrome that results from the disturbance of kinetic balance of coagulation and fibrinolytic processes It is characterized by the activation of the coagulation system with resultant consumption of a variety of coagulation proteins and platelets, which results in hemorrhagic diathesis and ischemic injury to various tissues 【 Change of basic pathology】 A Key changes 凝血酶大量产生,引起凝血抗凝血功能平衡紊乱
【Change of basic pathology 】 Key changes 凝血酶大量产生，引起凝血-抗凝血功能平衡紊乱。 DIC是一种继发性的，以广泛微血栓形成并相继出现止、凝血功 能障碍为病理特征的临床综合症。 DIC is a pathological syndrome that results from the disturbance of kinetic balance of coagulation and fibrinolytic processes. It is characterized by the activation of the coagulation system with resultant consumption of a variety of coagulation proteins and platelets, which results in hemorrhagic diathesis and ischemic injury to various tissues. Concept Concept
Concept A Pathological process 高凝状态( Hypercoagulable state)是由于某些致病因子的作 用,大量促凝物质入血,凝血因子和血小板被激活,凝血酶增加, 微循环中形成广泛微血栓( despread microvascular thrombosis)。 低凝状态( Hypocoagulable state)是由于微血栓形成中消耗了大 量凝血因子、血小板和继发性纤维蛋白溶解功能增强导致的。 A Pathological features 出血、多系统器官功能障碍、休克和微血管病性溶血性贫血
低凝状态(Hypocoagulable state)是由于微血栓形成中消耗了大 量凝血因子、血小板和继发性纤维蛋白溶解功能增强导致的 。 Pathological process 高凝状态（Hypercoagulable state）是由于某些致病因子的作 用，大量促凝物质入血，凝血因子和血小板被激活，凝血酶增加， 微循环中形成广泛微血栓(Widespread microvascularthrombosis)。 Pathological features 出血、多系统器官功能障碍、休克和微血管病性溶血性贫血。 Concept
Cause Condition associated with DIC 1.基础疾病( Basic disease)病因 Table 1 clinical conditions associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation Condition Causes Sepsis or severe infection Potentially any micro-organis m, including severe acute respiratory syndrome Trauma Serious tissue injury Head injury Fat embolism Organ destruction Severe pancreatitis Malignancy Solid tumours Haematological ma lignancies ( for example, acute promyelocytic leukaemia obstetrical calamities Placental abruption Amniotic fluid embolism Vascu bar abnor malities Giant haemangiomas (Kasabach-Merr it syndrome Large vessel aneurysms (for eample, aortic Hepatic failure Severe toxic or immunological reactions Snake bites Recreational drugs Severe transfusion reactions Transplant rejection
1. 基础疾病（Basic disease） 病因 Condition associated with DIC Cause
Cause 2.触发因素( Triggering factor) 所谓的触发因素是指按DC的发病机制进行分类。 ▲组织损伤; ▲VEC损伤; ▲细菌内毒素; ▲抗原抗体(C)复合物; ▲蛋白水解酶类; ▲颗粒或胶体物质; ▲病毒或其它病原微生物▲其它因素导致DC
2. 触发因素（Triggering factor） 所谓的触发因素是指按DIC的发病机制进行分类。 ▲组织损伤； ▲VEC损伤； ▲细菌内毒素； ▲抗原−抗体(IC)复合物； ▲蛋白水解酶类； ▲颗粒或胶体物质； ▲病毒或其它病原微生物 ▲其它因素导致DIC。 Cause