A.ComplexVirusesB.EnvelopedVirusesHelicalIcosahedral(1)(3)(5)ANNYR(2)(4)(6)A.Complex viruses:C.NonenvelopedNaked Viruses痘病毒(1)poxvirus,alargeDNAvirusHelical(2)flexible-tailedbacteriophage隧菌体IcosahedralB.Envelopedviruses:Withahelical nucleocapsid:腰腺炎病毒(3)mumpsvirus弹状病毒(4)rhabdovirusWithanicosahedralnucleocapsid:疱疹病毒(5)herpesvirus(8)(6)HIV(AIDS)C.Naked viruses:Helicalcapsid:梅花病奉(7)plumpoxvirusIcosahedral capsid:脊髓灰质炎病毒(8)poliovirus(9)papillomavirus(7)(9)乳头痛病毒Figure6.1o Basictypesofviral morphology
痘病毒 噬菌体 腮腺炎病毒 弹状病毒 疱疹病毒 梅花病毒 脊髓灰质炎病毒 乳头瘤病毒
0Capsid200QNucleicacid(a)NakedNucleocapsidVirusEnvelopeSpike20000999CapsidNucleicacid(b)EnvelopedVirusFigure 6.4Generalizedstructureofviruses.(a)ThesimplestvirusisanakednucleocapsidconsistingofageometricCapsidassembledaroundanucleicacidstrandorstrands.(b)Anenvelopedvirusiscomposedofanucleocapsidsurroundedbyaflexiblemembranecalledanenvelope.Theenvelopeusuallyhasspecialreceptorspikesinsertedintoit
DiscsNucleicacidCapsomersQ92929998888(a)(b)NucleicacidCapsidbeginsforminghelix.(cFigure6.5Assemblyofhelicalnucleocapsids(a)Capsomersassembleintohollowdiscs.(b)Thenucleicacidisinsertedintothecenterofthedisc.(c)Elongationofthenucleocapsidprogressesfrom both ends,as the nucleicacid is wound"within"thelengthening helix
Capsid-NucleocapsidNucleicacid(a)(b)Spikes-HemagglutininspikeNucleocapsidNeuraminidasespikeEnvelope-Matrixprotein(d)Figure 6.6 Typical variations ofviruses withhelicalLipidbilayernucleocapsids.Nakedhelicalvirus (tobaccomosaicvirus)(a)aschematicviewand(b)agreatlymagnifiedmicrograph.Notetheoverallcylindrical morphology.Envelopedhelicalvirus (influenzavirus):(c)aschematicviewand (d)acolorizedmicrographfeaturingapositivestainoftheavianinfluenzavirus(300,000x).Thisvirushasawell-developedenvelopewithprominentspikestermedH5N1type.Nucleocapsid50nm(c)
PoxviridaeHerpesviridaeChordopoxvirinaeAdenoviridaePolyomaviridaePapillomaviridae8ParvoviridaeHepadnaviridaeParvovirinae