Functional foods Concept to product Edited by Glennr. gibson and christine m. williams CRC CRC Pres Boca Raton Boston New York Washington, DC WOODHEAD PUBLISHING LIMITED Cambridge england
Functional foods Concept to product Edited by Glenn R. Gibson and Christine M. Williams
Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Abington Hall, Abington Cambridge CBl 6AH England www.woodhead-publishing.com Published in North and South America by CRC Press LLC 2000 Corporate Blvd, NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA First published 2000, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LlC o 2000, Woodhead Publishing Limited The authors have asserted their moral rights Conditions of sale This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors and the publishers cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials. Neither the authors nor the publishers, nor anyone else associated with this publication, shall be liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or indirectly caused or alleged to be caused by this book. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical luding photocopying, microfilming and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission The consent of Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press llC does not extend for promotion, for creating ks. or for obtained in writing from Woodhead Publishing Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation, without intent to British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the british Libran Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Woodhead Publishing Limited ISBN 1 85573 503 2 CRC Press isbn 0-8493-0851-8 CRC Press order number: WP0851 Cover design by The ColourStudio Project managed by Macfarlane Production Services, Markyate, Hertfordshire Typeset by MHL Typesetting Limited, Coventry, Warwickshire Printed by TJ International, Padstow, Cornwall, England
Published by Woodhead Publishing Limited Abington Hall, Abington Cambridge CB1 6AH England www.woodhead-publishing.com Published in North and South America by CRC Press LLC 2000 Corporate Blvd, NW Boca Raton FL 33431 USA First published 2000, Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC 2000, Woodhead Publishing Limited The authors have asserted their moral rights. Conditions of sale This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the authors and the publishers cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials. Neither the authors nor the publishers, nor anyone else associated with this publication, shall be liable for any loss, damage or liability directly or indirectly caused or alleged to be caused by this book. Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. The consent of Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC does not extend to copying for general distribution, for promotion, for creating new works, or for resale. Specific permission must be obtained in writing from Woodhead Publishing Limited or CRC Press LLC for such copying. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation, without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. Woodhead Publishing Limited ISBN 1 85573 503 2 CRC Press ISBN 0-8493-0851-8 CRC Press order number: WP0851 Cover design by The ColourStudio Project managed by Macfarlane Production Services, Markyate, Hertfordshire Typeset by MHL Typesetting Limited, Coventry, Warwickshire Printed by TJ International, Padstow, Cornwall, England
The editors and publisher dedicate this book to Nicholas Jeremy Jardine 1945-2000
The Editors and Publisher dedicate this book to Nicholas Jeremy Jardine 1945–2000
Related titles from Woodhead's food science, technology and nutrition list Benders'dictionary of nutrition and food technology Seventh edition(ISBN: 1 85573 4753) David a bender and Arnold E bender The seventh edition provides succinct, authoritative definitions of over 5000 terms in nutrition and food technology(an increase of 25% from the previous edition). In addition there is nutrient composition data for 287 foods This valuable book continues to fulfil the purpose of explaining to specialists in other fields the technical terms in nutrition and food processing. Chemistry and Industry Food labelling(ISBN: 1 85573 4966) Edited by J Ralph blanchfield Food labelling has become a complex and controversial area. This collection draws on the experience of key experts in their field to provide food manufacturers with a framework within which to plan labelling effectively. It covers both the key legislation ey need to be aware of, and the issues they need to take account of in successful labelling. Functional foods(ISBN: 1 56676 487 4) G Mazza This text brings together key research on the nature and physiological effects of biologically-active components of major plant foods. It also reviews the major processes for extraction, purification, concentration and formulation of functional roducts, and the functional characteristics of end products Phytochemicals as bioactive agents(ISBN: 1 56676788 1) WrBidlack and ms meskin This book focuses on the mechanisms of action of phytochemicals identified as displaying bioactivity in the prevention of cancer, heart disease and other diseases, and he prospects for developing functional foods containing these bioactive compounds Details of these books and a complete list of Woodhead's food science, technology and nutrition titles can be obtained by isitingourwebsiteatwww.woodhead-publishing.com cting Custom es(e-mail: sales a woodhead-publish (0)1223893694;tel 1223 891358 ext 30, address: Woodhead Publishing Ltd, Abington Hall, Abington, Cambridge CBl 6AH, England) If you would like to receive information on forthcoming titles in this area, please send your address to: Francis Dodds(address, tel and fax as above, e-mail publishing. com). Please confirm which subject areas you are nterested in
Related titles from Woodhead’s food science, technology and nutrition list: Benders’ dictionary of nutrition and food technology Seventh edition (ISBN: 1 85573 475 3) David A Bender and Arnold E Bender The seventh edition provides succinct, authoritative definitions of over 5000 terms in nutrition and food technology (an increase of 25% from the previous edition). In addition there is nutrient composition data for 287 foods. ‘This valuable book continues to fulfil the purpose of explaining to specialists in other fields the technical terms in nutrition and food processing.’ Chemistry and Industry. Food labelling (ISBN: 1 85573 496 6) Edited by J Ralph Blanchfield Food labelling has become a complex and controversial area. This collection draws on the experience of key experts in their field to provide food manufacturers with a framework within which to plan labelling effectively. It covers both the key legislation they need to be aware of, and the issues they need to take account of in successful labelling. Functional foods (ISBN: 1 56676 487 4) G Mazza This text brings together key research on the nature and physiological effects of biologically-active components of major plant foods. It also reviews the major processes for extraction, purification, concentration and formulation of functional products, and the functional characteristics of end products. Phytochemicals as bioactive agents (ISBN: 1 56676 788 1) W R Bidlack and M S Meskin This book focuses on the mechanisms of action of phytochemicals identified as displaying bioactivity in the prevention of cancer, heart disease and other diseases, and the prospects for developing functional foods containing these bioactive compounds. Details of these books and a complete list of Woodhead’s food science, technology and nutrition titles can be obtained by: • visiting our web site at www.woodhead-publishing.com • contacting Customer Services (e-mail: sales@woodhead-publishing.com; fax: +44 (0)1223 893694; tel.: +44 (0)1223 891358 ext. 30; address: Woodhead Publishing Ltd, Abington Hall, Abington, Cambridge CB1 6AH, England) If you would like to receive information on forthcoming titles in this area, please send your address details to: Francis Dodds (address, tel. and fax as above; e-mail: francisd@woodhead-publishing.com). Please confirm which subject areas you are interested in
Contents List of contributors List of abbreviations Introduction Part I General issues 1 Defining functional foods M.B. Roberfroid, Universite Catholique de louvain, Brussels L1 Introduction 1.2 Functional foods: defining the concept 1.3 Functional food science 1.4 Communicating functional claims 1.6 Food technology and its impact on functional food development 1.7 Future trends 1 8 References 2 EU legislation and functional foods: a case study P. Berry Ottaway, Consultant, Berry Ottaway and Associates Ltd, Hereto 2 Introduction 2.2 Product description 2.3 Product positioning in the European market 2.4 Product composition
List of contributors ..................................................... xiii List of abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Introduction 1 Part I General issues 1 Defining functional foods ........................................ 9 M.B. Roberfroid, Universite´ Catholiquie de Louvain, Brussels 1.1 Introduction . . ................................................ 9 1.2 Functional foods: defining the concept . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.3 Functional food science . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.4 Communicating functional claims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 1.5 Case studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 1.6 Food technology and its impact on functional food development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 1.7 Future trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 1.8 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 2 EU legislation and functional foods: a case study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 P. Berry Ottaway, Consultant, Berry Ottaway and Associates Ltd, Hereford 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.2 Product description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 2.3 Product positioning in the European market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 2.4 Product composition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 Contents