Epidemiology Infects one third of world population. 8-10 million new cases every year 3 million deaths due to TB every year 2/3 patients are young adults Drug resistance is increasing 结核病人 MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital
MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital Epidemiology • Infects one third of world population..! • 8-10 million new cases every year • 3 million deaths due to TB every year • 2/3 patients are young adults • Drug resistance is increasing
A Global Emergency The tuberculosis in the beginning of the 21st Century declared as global Emergency(WHo) Inder privileged population Crowding, Poverty, malnutrition, single male ! -economic burden Since 1985 incidence is increasing in west AIDS, Diabetes, Immunosuppressed patients Diabetes Drug resistance MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital
MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital A Global Emergency The Tuberculosis in the beginning of the 21st Century declared as Global Emergency (WHO) • Under privileged population - — Crowding, Poverty, malnutrition, single male..! – economic burden. • Since 1985 incidence is increasing in west — AIDS, Diabetes, Immunosuppressed patients, Diabetes, Drug resistance
Tuberculosis in the era of hv/aids °HⅣ/ AIDS epidemic led to large increase of Smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis which in turn has led to poor treatment outcomes, and early mortality Frequently involves Lower lobes of Lungs MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital
MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital Tuberculosis in the era of HIV / AIDS • HIV / AIDS epidemic led to large increase of Smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis which in turn has led to poor treatment outcomes, and early mortality • Frequently involves Lower lobes of Lungs
Tuberculosis -Important communicable disease spread by respiratory route Infection sources: patients wit ith infectious pulmonary TB, esp sputum positive ones a disease of respiratory transmission: droplets Patients with the active disease(bacilli expel them into the air by coughing, sneezing, shouting, or any other way that will expel bacilli into the air Determinants of transmission The probability of contact with a case of tuberculosis the intimacy and duration of that contact the degree of infectiousness of the case the shared environment of the contact; crowding poor ventilated Susceptible population elderly people, children, ICH (HIV, DM.) MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital
MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital Tuberculosis - Important communicable disease spread by respiratory route • Infection sources: patients with infectious pulmonary TB, esp. sputum positive ones • A disease of respiratory transmission: droplets — Patients with the active disease (bacilli) expel them into the air by coughing, sneezing, shouting,or any other way that will expel bacilli into the air • Determinants of transmission — The probability of contact with a case of tuberculosis — the intimacy and duration of that contact — the degree of infectiousness of the case — the shared environment of the contact: crowding, poor ventilated • Susceptible population — elderly people, children, ICH (HIV, DM…)
Pathogenesis of TB Infection Immunity MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital
MBBS project, Zhongshan Hospital Infection - Immunity Pathogenesis of TB