Copyrighted Materials HCM2010 HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES WASHINGTON,DC WWW.TRB.ORG
HIGHWAY CAPACITY MANUAL HCM2010 WASHINGTON, DC | WWW.TRB.ORG
2010ERECUATVSCOMMARCE BOARD chaikaMcelRMec.DiaisrceCrampehn RabeaMBeasnatandCoO,Amreanga EacPmRobct inner,r Transportation Allen D. on of ca lo Adib K. na Tu (),lacob/ 兰之 Polly Tre Chief of Kirk.Steudle Director,Michigan Department of t人n 9 thrwe volumes (ex offcio) Membership as of December2010
TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH BOARD 2010 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE* Chair: Michael R. Morris, Director of Transportation, North Central Texas Council of Governments, Arlington Vice Chair: Neil J. Pedersen, Administrator, Maryland State Highway Administration, Baltimore Executive Director: Robert E. Skinner, Jr., Transportation Research Board J. Barry Barker, Executive Director, Transit Authority of River City, Louisville, Kentucky Allen D. Biehler, Secretary, Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, Harrisburg Larry L. Brown, Sr., Executive Director, Mississippi Department of Transportation, Jackson Deborah H. Butler, Executive Vice President, Planning, and CIO, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk, Virginia William A. V. Clark, Professor, Department of Geography, University of California, Los Angeles Eugene A. Conti, Jr., Secretary of Transportation, North Carolina Department of Transportation, Raleigh Nicholas J. Garber, Henry L. Kinnier Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, and Director, Center for Transportation Studies, University of Virginia, Charlottesville Jeffrey W. Hamiel, Executive Director, Metropolitan Airports Commission, Minneapolis, Minnesota Paula J. Hammond, Secretary, Washington State Department of Transportation, Olympia Edward A. (Ned) Helme, President, Center for Clean Air Policy, Washington, D.C. Adib K. Kanafani, Cahill Professor of Civil Engineering, University of California, Berkeley (Past Chair, 2009) Susan Martinovich, Director, Nevada Department of Transportation, Carson City Debra L. Miller, Secretary, Kansas Department of Transportation, Topeka (Past Chair, 2008) Sandra Rosenbloom, Professor of Planning, University of Arizona, Tucson Tracy L. Rosser, Vice President, Regional General Manager, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., Mandeville, Louisiana Steven T. Scalzo, Chief Operating Officer, Marine Resources Group, Seattle, Washington Henry G. (Gerry) Schwartz, Jr., Chairman (retired), Jacobs/ Sverdrup Civil, Inc., St. Louis, Missouri Beverly A. Scott, General Manager and Chief Executive Officer, Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority, Atlanta, Georgia David Seltzer, Principal, Mercator Advisors LLC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Daniel Sperling, Professor of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science and Policy; Director, Institute of Transportation Studies; and Interim Director, Energy Efficiency Center, University of California, Davis Kirk T. Steudle, Director, Michigan Department of Transportation, Lansing Douglas W. Stotlar, President and Chief Executive Officer, Con-Way, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan C. Michael Walton, Ernest H. Cockrell Centennial Chair in Engineering, University of Texas, Austin (Past Chair, 1991) Peter H. Appel, Administrator, Research and Innovative Technology Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) J. Randolph Babbitt, Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) * Membership as of December 2010. Rebecca M. Brewster, President and COO, American Transportation Research Institute, Smyrna, Georgia (ex officio) George Bugliarello, President Emeritus and University Professor, Polytechnic Institute of New York University, Brooklyn; Foreign Secretary, National Academy of Engineering, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) Anne S. Ferro, Administrator, Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) LeRoy Gishi, Chief, Division of Transportation, Bureau of Indian Affairs, U.S. Department of the Interior, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) Edward R. Hamberger, President and CEO, Association of American Railroads, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) John C. Horsley, Executive Director, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) David T. Matsuda, Deputy Administrator, Maritime Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Victor M. Mendez, Administrator, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) William W. Millar, President, American Public Transportation Association, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) (Past Chair, 1992) Tara O’Toole, Under Secretary for Science and Technology, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (ex officio) Robert J. Papp (Adm., U.S. Coast Guard), Commandant, U.S. Coast Guard, U.S. Department of Homeland Security (ex officio) Cynthia L. Quarterman, Administrator, Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Peter M. Rogoff, Administrator, Federal Transit Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) David L. Strickland, Administrator, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Joseph C. Szabo, Administrator, Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Polly Trottenberg, Assistant Secretary for Transportation Policy, U.S. Department of Transportation (ex officio) Robert L. Van Antwerp (Lt. General, U.S. Army), Chief of Engineers and Commanding General, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C. (ex officio) Transportation Research Board publications are available by ordering individual publications directly from the TRB Business Office, through the Internet at www.TRB. org, or by annual subscription through organizational or individual affiliation with TRB. Affiliates and library subscribers are eligible for substantial discounts. For further information, contact the Transportation Research Board Business Office, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, DC 20001 (telephone 202-334-3213; fax 202-334-2519; or e-mail TRBsales@nas.edu). Copyright 2010 by the National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. ISBN 978-0-309-16077-3 [Slipcased set of three volumes] ISBN 978-0-309-16078-0 [Volume 1] ISBN 978-0-309-16079-7 [Volume 2] ISBN 978-0-309-16080-3 [Volume 3]
Highway Capacity Manual 2010 CHAPTER 27 FREEWAY WEAVING:SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENTS 1.ALTERNATIVE TOOL EXAMPLES FOR FREEWAY WEAVING SEGMENTS . .27-1 Determining the Weaving Segment Capacity .27-2 Effect of Demand on Performance. .273 Effect of Queue Backup from a Downstream Signal on the Exit Ramp.27-4
Highway Capacity Manual 2010 CHAPTER 27 FREEWAY WEAVING: SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENTS 1.ALTERNATIVE TOOL EXAMPLES FOR FREEWAY WEAVING SEGMENTS .27‐1 Determining the Weaving Segment Capacity . 27‐2 Effect of Demand on Performance . 27‐3 Effect of Queue Backup from a Downstream Signal on the Exit Ramp. 27‐4
Highway Capacity Manual 2010 CHAPTER 28 FREEWAY MERGES AND DIVERGES:SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENTS 1.ALTERNATIVE TOOL EXAMPLES FOR FREEWAY RAMPS .28-1 Problem1：Ramp-Metering Effects. 28-1 Problem 2:Conversion of Leftmost Lane to an HOV Lane. .28-4
Highway Capacity Manual 2010 CHAPTER 28 FREEWAY MERGES AND DIVERGES: SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENTS 1. ALTERNATIVE TOOL EXAMPLES FOR FREEWAY RAMPS.28‐1 Problem 1: Ramp‐Metering Effects . 28‐1 Problem 2: Conversion of Leftmost Lane to an HOV Lane . 28‐4
Highway Capacity Manual 2010 CHAPTER 29 URBAN STREET FACILITIES:SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION 29-1 2.BASIC EXAMPLE PROBLEM CONFIGURATION. 29-2 3.SIGNAL TIMING PLAN DESIGN .29-4 Deterministic STPD Tools. 294 Performance Measures. .29-5 Initial Timing Plan Design. 29-7 Initial Timing Plan Performance. 29-8 Adjustments to Improve Progression Quality .29.9 Time-Space Diagrams. .29-9 Other Graphic Displays 29-11 Potential Improvements from Phasing Optimization. 29-15 4.EFFECT OF MIDSEGMENT PARKING ACTIVITIES.9-17 5.EFFECT OF PLATOONED ARRIVALS AT A ROUNDABOUT.29-20 6.QUEUE LENGTH ANALYSIS BASED ON VEHICLE TRAJECTORIES.29-23 Queuing Characteristics .29.23 BOQ Assessment. 29-26 29.28
Highway Capacity Manual 2010 CHAPTER 29 URBAN STREET FACILITIES: SUPPLEMENTAL CONTENTS 1.INTRODUCTION.29‐1 2. BASIC EXAMPLE PROBLEM CONFIGURATION.29‐2 3. SIGNAL TIMING PLAN DESIGN .29‐4 Deterministic STPD Tools . 29‐4 Performance Measures. 29‐5 Initial Timing Plan Design. 29‐7 Initial Timing Plan Performance . 29‐8 Adjustments to Improve Progression Quality. 29‐9 Time–Space Diagrams. 29‐9 Other Graphic Displays . 29‐11 Potential Improvements from Phasing Optimization . 29‐15 4. EFFECT OF MIDSEGMENT PARKING ACTIVITIES .29‐17 5. EFFECT OF PLATOONED ARRIVALS AT A ROUNDABOUT.29‐20 6. QUEUE LENGTH ANALYSIS BASED ON VEHICLE TRAJECTORIES.29‐23 Queuing Characteristics . 29‐23 BOQ Assessment . 29‐26 7. REFERENCES .29‐28