跨膜转运 Passive transport(被动转运) Gases Hydrophobic Small polar Large polar Charged molecules molecules molecules molecules H+ ci- simple diffusion（单纯扩散) C07 Ca2+ facilitated diffusion（易化扩散) 02 Benzene Ethanol Glucose Amino acids Active transport（主动运输) primary active transport (原发性主动转运) second active transport 继发性主动转运 出胞与入胞
跨 膜 转 运 Passive transport（被动转运） simple diffusion（单纯扩散） facilitated diffusion（易化扩散） Active transport（主动运输） primary active transport （原发性主动转运） second active transport 继发性主动转运 出胞与入胞
被动转运Passive Transport The movement of substances across the membrane by down their concentration or electrochemical gradient without consumption of energy. 指物质顺电位或化学梯度通过细胞膜的转 运过程，不需消耗能量 分类： simple diffusion(单纯扩散) facilitated diffusion（易化扩散)
被动转运 Passive Transport The movement of substances across the membrane by down their concentration or electrochemical gradient without consumption of energy. 指物质顺电位或化学梯度通过细胞膜的转 运过程,不需消耗能量 分类: simple diffusion(单纯扩散) facilitated diffusion (易化扩散)
Simple Diffusion 单纯扩散 The movement of lipid soluble substances directly through the cell membrane down the concentration gradient. 脂溶性物质由膜的高浓度一侧向低浓度一侧移动的过程 [02l。>[02l1 02 特点： •脂溶性物质 膜外 •不耗能 ·扩散速率取决于浓 度梯度 膜内 80,l>IC02l
[CO2 ]i ＞[CO2 ]o [O2 ]o ＞[O2 ]i Simple Diffusion (单纯扩散) The movement of lipid soluble substances directly through the cell membrane down the concentration gradient. 脂溶性物质由膜的高浓度一侧向低浓度一侧移动的过程 特点： •脂溶性物质 •不耗能 •扩散速率取决于浓 度梯度
Facilitated Diffusion(易化扩散) The diffusion of water-soluble substances through the cell membrane down the concentration gradient with the aid of particular membrane transport proteins. 水溶性物质借助特定蛋白质的帮助顺浓度梯度通过细胞膜的 转运方式 high [Glucoseout 1Channel mediated diffusion 经通道的易化扩散 Glucose],□ stays low ATP 2carrier mediated diffusion ☐O ADP G-6-P Glycogen 经载体的易化扩散 Glycolysis
Facilitated Diffusion (易化扩散) ②carrier mediated diffusion 经载体的易化扩散 ①Channel mediated diffusion 经通道的易化扩散 The diffusion of water-soluble substances through the cell membrane down the concentration gradient with the aid of particular membrane transport proteins. 水溶性物质借助特定蛋白质的帮助顺浓度梯度通过细胞膜的 转运方式
经通道的易化扩散 kN洁 Nah]。>Na]i ①selectivity 膜外 选择性 通道 ②high velocity K]:>K]。 高速率 膜内
[K+] i ＞[K+]o [Na+]o ＞[Na+] i 经通道的易化扩散 ①selectivity 选择性 ②high velocity 高速率