TABLE72c。 mparison。 the Gene Density in Different organisms Gen。ms ApproXimate Gene density pl是 (D number of genes PROKARYOTES (bacteria) Mycoplasma D.8 860 genitalium streptococcus 之.300 1.O60 pneunonia Escherichia coli K-12 Agrobacterium 5.400 runofacens Sinorhizobium 6.2o so EUKARYOTES (anImal西) Saccharomyces 18oO cerevisiae SaiNzosaccharonvces 4.9oo pompe Protozoa otranto曰na >20.oo0 2. 90 thermophila vertebrae雪 Caenorhabditis 19.000 o Drosophila 1 13.7oo BO melanogaster StronoylocontrofJs 845 22.000 purpuratus Lousier nd migratoria oreor【e Fugu rubripes 31000 8S Homo sapiens 2.o 27,0O Muns musculus 6500 29o0O Arabidopsis thaNana 125 25,50O Oryza sativa (rice) 4 45,0oO 100 ∠mas 2.200 4,ooo Frigiliana assyrian nd 1(tulip) Table 7-2
Table 7-2
e Genes make up only a small proportion of o the eukaryotic genome Increases in gene size:( increase in the sequence of regulatory sequence; (2)presence of introns (splicing) 5>Increases in the DNA between genes(intergenic sequences):(1) unique;() repeated See Figure 7-2, 3,4, 5; Table 7-3 3/15/05
Chromosome sequence & diversity ➢ Increases in gene size: (1) increase in the sequence of regulatory sequence; (2) presence of introns (splicing) ➢ Increases in the DNA between genes (intergenic sequences): (1) unique; (2) repeated Genes make up only a small proportion of the eukaryotic genome See Figure 7-2, 3, 4, 5; Table 7-3 3/15/05
TABLE 7-3 Contribution of Introns and Repeated Sequences to Differen Genomes Table 7-3 Gene density specles (genes/Mb) introns per gene',助mpe PROKARYOTES (bacteria) Escherichia coli K-12 950 EUKARYOTES (animals Fungi Saccharomyces ceret 0.04 34 Invertebrates Caenorhabditis elegans 200 63 Drosophila melanogaster 80 12 Vertebrates Fugu rubripes 75 27 Homo sapiens 85 46 Plants Arabidopsis thaliana nd Oryza sativa (rice) 470 42
Table 7-3
Figure 7-2 I genes introns repeated sequences RNA polymerase gene intergenic sequences Escherichia coli( 57 genes) Saccharomyces cerevisiae (31 genes) Drosophila melanogaster(9 genes) Human(2 genes 3040 6000 number of base pairs
Figure 7-2
Figure 7-4*x unique 510Mb other intergenic regions 600 Mb intergenic DNA microsatellites 2,000Mb 90 Mb genome-wide peats 1,400Mb human genome 3,200Mb introns UTRs related ge ene sequences 1,152Mb fragments genes and gene related sequences pseudogenes 1200Mb genes 8 Mb Copyright O 2004 Pearson Education, Inc, publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Figure 7-4*