Structure:3DChemical components:3.3.3Chemical characteristics of photosynthetic pigmentsChlorophylls: color, solubility, structureCarotenoids:color,solubility, structurePhycobilins/Phycobiliproteins: color, structure3.3.4Optical characteristics of photosynthetic pigmentsIrradiation energyAbsorptionspectrumFluorescence and PhosphorescencePhosphorescence3.3.5 Biosynthesis and Breakdown of Chlorophyll3.4Mechanism of Photosynthesis3.4.1Absorption and Transfer of Solar Energy (40 min)Light-harvesting /Antenna pigments: most Chl a, all Chl b, carotenoids andphycobilinsReaction center pigments: few special Chl a3.4.2Conversion of Solar Energy toElectric Energy(15min)Donor.P.Acceptor>Donor+P.AcceptorHow Two Photosystems Were Discoveried ?Red dropEnhancement effect/Emerson effectComponents of PSI and PSII3.4.3Electron and Proton Transport (30 min)PathwaysPS II ComplexesOECOxygen evolving (Water Oxidizing Clock)PS IComplexesCytochromeb6f complex3.4.4 Photosynthetic phosphorylation (25 min)DefinitionMechanism: Chemiosmotic hypothesis (P.Mitchell, 1961)ATP Synthase or Coupling factorCyclic /Noncyclic photophosphorylationAssimilatory power11
11 Structure: 3D Chemical components: 3.3.3 Chemical characteristics of photosynthetic pigments Chlorophylls: color, solubility, structure Carotenoids: color, solubility, structure Phycobilins/Phycobiliproteins: color, structure 3.3.4 Optical characteristics of photosynthetic pigments Irradiation energy Absorption spectrum Fluorescence and Phosphorescence Phosphorescence 3.3.5 Biosynthesis and Breakdown of Chlorophyll 3.4 Mechanism of Photosynthesis 3.4.1 Absorption and Transfer of Solar Energy（40 min） Light-harvesting /Antenna pigments: most Chl a; all Chl b, carotenoids and phycobilins Reaction center pigments: few special Chl a 3.4.2 Conversion of Solar Energy to Electric Energy（15 min） Donor . P . Acceptor→Donor + . P . Acceptor - How Two Photosystems Were Discoveried ? Red drop Enhancement effect/Emerson effect Components of PSI and PSII 3.4.3 Electron and Proton Transport（30 min） Pathways PS II Complexes OEC Oxygen evolving (Water Oxidizing Clock) PS I Complexes Cytochrome b6f complex 3.4.4 Photosynthetic phosphorylation（25 min） Definition Mechanism: Chemiosmotic hypothesis (P. Mitchell, 1961) ATP Synthase or Coupling factor Cyclic / Noncyclic photophosphorylation Assimilatory power
3.4.5Carbonassimilation(25min)Location: stroma of chloroplast3 pathways:The Calvin cycle (M. Calvin)Regulation of the Calvin CycleThe Hatch-Slack PathwayCAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism)3.4.5.4Photorespiration(25min)ConceptPathway (in three organelles)Biological Function of Photorespiration is UnknownWhy photosynthetic rate of C4 plants is much more higher than that of C3 plants?Special leaf anatomic featuresPhysiological features3.4.5.5 Synthesis of Starch and Sucrose (5min)3.5Factors influencingphotosynthesis(25min)Three concepts:Photosynthetic rateApparent photosynthetic rate=Net photosynthetic rateTrue photosynthetic rateLightLight intensityPhotoinhibitionLight of different wavelengthCO2TemperatureWaterEssential mineral elements3. 6 Solar energy utilization of plants (5 min)3.6.1Efficiency for solar energy utilization3. 6 .2 How to increase photosynthetic rate?Summary of the contents of this chapter (5 min)12
12 3.4.5 Carbon assimilation（25 min） Location: stroma of chloroplast 3 pathways: The Calvin cycle (M. Calvin) Regulation of the Calvin Cycle The Hatch-Slack Pathway CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) 3.4.5.4 Photorespiration（25 min） Concept Pathway (in three organelles) Biological Function of Photorespiration is Unknown Why photosynthetic rate of C4 plants is much more higher than that of C3 plants? Special leaf anatomic features Physiological features 3.4.5.5 Synthesis of Starch and Sucrose（5 min） 3. 5 Factors influencing photosynthesis（25 min） Three concepts: Photosynthetic rate Apparent photosynthetic rate= Net photosynthetic rate True photosynthetic rate Light Light intensity Photoinhibition Light of different wavelength CO2 Temperature Water Essential mineral elements 3. 6 Solar energy utilization of plants（5 min） 3. 6 .1 Efficiency for solar energy utilization 3. 6 .2 How to increase photosynthetic rate? Summary of the contents of this chapter（5 min）