Why They have wide ranging applications well beyond physics: health, life science, materials and even archaeology
Why ⚫They have wide ranging applications well beyond physics: health, life science, materials and even archaeology!
Early accelerators 1870: Discovery of the cathode rays by william Crookes Charged rays Propagation from the cathode to the anode A Crookes tube in which the cathode rays are deflected by a magnetic field Images source: Wikipedia 1896: J.J. Thomson shows that the cathode rays are made of particles"and measure the charge/mass ratio These particles are called electrons
7 Early accelerators 1870: Discovery of the cathode rays by William Crookes - Charged rays - Propagation from the Cathode to the anode A Crookes tube in which the Cathode rays are deflected by a magnetic field. 1896: J.J. Thomson shows that the cathode rays are made of “particles” and measure the charge/mass ratio. These particles are called “electrons” Images source: Wikipedia
Bremsstrahlung a charged particle emits radiation when it is accelerated An electron that Coulomb scatters on a heavy nucleus will change direction = acceleration Bremsstrahlung, braking radiation, is the name of the radiation emitted when a charged particle scatters on a heavy nucleus When a charged beam hits an object X-rays are emitted this is used to produce X- Incident rays in hospitals but it is also a source of Electrons hazardous radiations in accelerators Bremsstrahlung Bremsstrahlung is similar to synchrotron Elastically radiation Scattered Electron de/ds)rad EZ m Inelasticall Scattered Electron de/ ds)coll 700(M Image source http:/ww.ndt-ed.org/educationresourcEs/
8 Bremsstrahlung • When a charged beam hits an object, X-rays are emitted. This is used to produce Xrays in hospitals but it is also a source of hazardous radiations in accelerators. • Bremsstrahlung is similar to synchrotron radiation. ⚫ A charged particle emits radiation when it is accelerated. ⚫ An electron that Coulomb scatters on a heavy nucleus will change direction => acceleration ⚫ Bremsstrahlung, braking radiation, is the name of the radiation emitted when a charged particle scatters on a heavy nucleus. Image source: http://www.ndt-ed.org/EducationResources/
Improved resolution In quantum mechanics the wavelength of an object is related to its energy by A-h The reach better resolutions, the energy of the probe must be increased The energy of the electrons in Cathodic ray tubes is limited by the electrostatic generators available In the 1930s several generators where invented to produce high electric fields
9 Improved resolution • In quantum mechanics the wavelength of an object is related to its energy by ⚫ The reach better resolutions, the energy of the probe must be increased. ⚫ The energy of the electrons in Cathodic ray tubes is limited by the electrostatic generators available. ⚫ In the 1930s several generators where invented to produce high electric fields
vacuum on acceleration steering analyzer source
Ion source acceleration steering analyzer vacuum