the carbon sources could be utilized by microbes (compound) 3 saccharide:glucose,fructose,maltose,sucrose, starch,galactose,lactose,mannancellulose, hemicellulose,lignin,etal organic acid:lactic acid,citric acid,short chain fatty acid,long chain fatty acid,amino acid,et al alcoholic aldehyde:ethanol,et al fat: fat,lecithoid,et al hydrocarbon:natural gas,petroleum,olefin,et al ■C02 carbonate:NaHCO3,CaCo3,chalk,et al others:cyanide,protein,peptide,nucleic acid
the carbon sources could be utilized by microbes (compound) saccharide： glucose，fructose，maltose，sucrose， starch，galactose，lactose，mannancellulose， hemicellulose，lignin，et al organic acid： lactic acid，citric acid，short chain fatty acid，long chain fatty acid ，amino acid， et al alcoholic aldehyde： ethanol， et al fat： fat，lecithoid， et al hydrocarbon： natural gas，petroleum，olefin，et al CO2 carbonate： NaHCO3, CaCO3, chalk， et al others： cyanide，protein，peptide，nucleic acid
2.Nitrogen sources The nutrient provide the nitrogen element for microbes. Normally,nitrogen source couldn't be used as energy sources. >organic nitrogen sources peptone,soybean powder maize slurry >inorganic nitrogen sources:NHNO3 (NH4)2SO >gas nitrogen sources:N2 in the atmosphere >quick nitrogen sources >slow nitrogen sources
➢organic nitrogen sources ：peptone、soybean powder 、maize slurry ➢inorganic nitrogen sources：NH4NO3、(NH4)2SO4 ➢gas nitrogen sources：N2 in the atmosphere 2.Nitrogen sources The nutrient provide the nitrogen element for microbes. Normally,nitrogen source couldn’t be used as energy sources. ➢quick nitrogen sources ➢slow nitrogen sources
3.Energy sources energy sources are the substances or radiant energy that could provide primal energy sources.Heterotrophs's carbon sources could also be its energy sources. Organic:energy to chemoheterotrophs Chemical substances Inorganic:energy to chemoautotrophs Energy sources table Radiant energy:energy to photoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs
energy sources are the substances or radiant energy that could provide primal energy sources . Heterotrophs’s carbon sources could also be its energy sources. 3. Energy sources Inorganic:energy to chemoautotrophs Energy sources table Chemical substances Radiant energy：energy to photoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs. Organic: energy to chemoheterotrophs
one kind of nutrient could provide more than one kind of function mono-function radiant energy *di-function:reductive inorganic nutrient,such as NH+is the energy sources as well as the nitrogen sources of nitrate bacterial. triple function:the nutrients including N、C、H、Oare energy sources carbon sources and nitrogen sources heterotrophs microbes
mono-function : radiant energy •di-function: reductive inorganic nutrient,such as NH4 + is the energy sources as well as the nitrogen sources of nitrate bacterial. •triple function: the nutrients including N 、C 、H 、O are energy sources 、 carbon sources and nitrogen sources heterotrophs microbes. one kind of nutrient could provide more than one kind of function
4.Growth factor Definition:An organic compound such as an amino acid,nitrogen base,or vitamin that cannot be synthesized by an organism and must be provided as a nutrient is a growth factor. Function:coenzyme or necessary to activation of enzyme. Sources of growth factors in culture medium: yeast extract、maize slurry、wort,etal
Definition:An organic compound such as an amino acid, nitrogen base, or vitamin that cannot be synthesized by an organism and must be provided as a nutrient is a growth factor. Sources of growth factors in culture medium: yeast extract、maize slurry、wort,et al。 4. Growth factor Function：coenzyme or necessary to activation of enzyme