Pyloric stenosis Esophagus Stomach Enlarge Pylor odeum Normal Pyloric Anatomy Stenosis Normal values Length <15mm Single muscle thickness:<3mm Pyloric width: <7mm
Epidemiology age distribution 3-8 weeks reported incidence 1-5 per 1,000 births highest incidence in first-born infants 4-5 times more common in boys than girls more common in western world a less common in black and asian patients than white patients in United States
Epidemiology ◼ age distribution : 3-8 weeks ◼ reported incidence 1-5 per 1,000 births ◼ highest incidence in first-born infants ◼ 4-5 times more common in boys than girls ◼ more common in Western world ◼ less common in black and asian patients than white patients in United States
Causes unknown hypotheses include abnormal neurophysiology in muscular layer including decreased nerve terminal number reduced nitrous oxide reduced number of interstitial cells of Cajal (IcC) a bacteria infection, such as Hellicobacter pylori genetic factors pyloroduodenal duplication cysts as cause of neonatal gastric outlet obstruction in case report
Causes ◼ unknown. hypotheses include ◼ abnormal neurophysiology in muscular layer including ◼ decreased nerve terminal number ◼ reduced nitrous oxide ◼ reduced number of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) ◼ bacteria infection, such as Helicobacter pylori ◼ genetic factors ◼ pyloroduodenal duplication cysts as cause of neonatal gastric outlet obstruction in case report