Body ratio change
Body ratio change
Development rules: From top to bottom From near to far nearby to peripheral
Development rules: From top to bottom From near to far nearby to peripheral
Determinants of growth and development Heredity: the most important factors Environmental factors can be improved potentially Nutrition: important factors at childhood the smaller the children s age the more important Diseases: factor that can not be neglected Seasonality: growth rate varied during the four seasons Hormone: a complex system
三、Determinants of growth and development • Heredity: the most important factors • Environmental factors can be improved potentially – Nutrition: important factors at childhood, the smaller the children’s age, the more important – Diseases: factor that can not be neglected – Seasonality: growth rate varied during the four seasons • Hormone: a complex system
四、 Physical growth Index in common use Weight Length/Height Sitting height Head circumference Chest circumference Upper arm circumference
四、Physical growth • Index in common use Weight Length/Height Sitting height Head circumference Chest circumference Upper arm circumference
C)Weight: basic index Defined as the summed weight of body's parts, including skeleton, muscle, organs, bowel, fat, and water etc. a Measurement: The child was weighed undressed on a calibrated balance scale to the nearest 0.01 kg Typical patterns of Wt gain 3-12 mo: lage(mo)+92(kg 1-6 yrs: age(yr)X2+8(kg) 7-12yrs:[age(yr)×7-512
(一）Weight: basic index • Defined as the summed weight of body’s parts, including skeleton, muscle, organs, bowel, fat, and water etc. • Measurement: The child was weighed undressed on a calibrated balance scale to the nearest 0.01 kg. • Typical patterns of WT gain 3 -12 mo: [age (mo) + 9]/2 (kg) 1 - 6 yrs: age (yr)×2 + 8 (kg) 7 -12 yrs: [age(yr)×7 -5]/2