及图 ERBE Tp-of-Atrospl ere Net Radiaticn 10 SW LW 0 40 warming 40 cooling cooling -0 Atmosphere 10 10 30 C1m30 动力输送 Ftop 1∂ rad 2xa>cos f(φ) meridional energy transport Surface by atmosphere and oceans 授课教师：张洋3
授课教师：张洋 3 Atmosphere Surface SW LW 动⼒输送 f() meridional energy transport by atmosphere and oceans warming cooling cooling Ftop rad = 1 2⇡a2 cos @ @f()
及金 ERBE Tp-of-Atrospl ere Net Radiaticn 10 SW LW 40 warming 0 40 cooling cooling ptop.. 1 -0 rad f代) 2πa2c0sb0b Atmosphere 10 —4mD-hBA37 了 10 0 30 6300 6 RT (ERBE) 动力输送 NCEP OT NCEP AT atmosphere E 0 - 吉 ocean -2 Total Surface f(Φ) 80 60 40 20 20 40 60 80 Lotitude N Wunsch(2005),J.Climate 授课教师：张洋4
授课教师：张洋 4 Total atmosphere ocean Wunsch (2005), J. Climate Atmosphere Surface SW LW 动⼒输送 warming cooling cooling Ftop rad = 1 2⇡a2 cos @ @f() f()
及 Ftop 1 ∂ 2maP cos SW LW rad Atmosphere: Ftop 1 rad - Fr+FLH+FsH= 2xa2cos Ocean: Atmosphere Fsfe -FLH-FSH= rad d2 coso0dfo() 6 RT (ERBE) 动力输送 NCEP OT Rad.LH+SH NCEP AT f(φy atmosphere E 、fA( 0 ocean f.(oy Surface Total 80 60 40 20 EQ 20 4060 80 Lotitude Wunsch(2005),J.Climate 授课教师：张洋5
Ftop rad = 1 2⇡a2 cos @ @f() 授课教师：张洋 5 Total atmosphere ocean Wunsch (2005), J. Climate Atmosphere Surface SW LW 动⼒输送 Rad. LH+SH Ftop rad Fsf c rad + FLH + FSH = 1 2⇡a2 cos @ @fA() Atmosphere: Fsf c rad FLH FSH = 1 2⇡a2 cos @ @fo() Ocean: fo() f() fA()
Simple energy balance climate models ERBE Tp-of-Atrospl ere Net Radiaticn 10 SW LW 0 40 warming 40 cooling ptop. 1 cooling -0 rad 2πa2c0sb0b Atmosphere 10 -Arna DeN 56-87 了 10 0 30 6300 6 动力输送 RT (ERBE) NCEP OT NCEP AT atmosphere E 0 ocean-》 Surface Total 80 40 20 EQ 2040 60 80 Latitude N Wunsch(2005),J.Climate 授课教师：张洋 6
授课教师：张洋 6 Total atmosphere ocean Wunsch (2005), J. Climate Atmosphere Surface SW LW 动⼒输送 Simple energy balance climate models warming cooling cooling Ftop rad = 1 2⇡a2 cos @ @f()
Simple energy balance climate models Simplest models in which the interactions between SW radiation and dynamic heat transport can be considered. Assumptions are made below: One-dimensional,only latitude dependences are considered; Atmosphere Global energy budgets are assumed to be expressed in Tsur; Only annual mean conditions are considered; OT(x,t) 动力输送 solar radiation-infrared cooling Ot -divergence of heat flux x=sinΦ，whereΦis latitude. Surface aT(x,t) 1 a t 授课教师：张洋7
C @T(x, t) @t = Ftop rad 1 2⇡a2 @ @x f(x) 授课教师：张洋 7 Simple energy balance climate models n Simplest models in which the interactions between radiation and dynamic heat transport can be considered. n Assumptions are made below: n One-dimensional, only latitude dependences are considered; n Global energy budgets are assumed to be expressed in Tsur ; n Only annual mean conditions are considered; Atmosphere Surface SW LW 动⼒输送 x = sin , where is latitude. C @T(x, t) @t = solar radiation infrared cooling divergence of heat flux