Nuclear.envelopexNuclearpoChapter 7 Nucleuspl.nucleiPrefaceuclearmiatrxNucleopsm Size: 5-10μum(high animal); 5-20μm(High plant)Volume ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm:l:10 (9) Shape:Spherical or ovalDNA and associatedproteins (chromatin) Contain:4 subunitsendoolasmicreticulumnucleolus·Nuclear Envelope Chromatincentrosome?NucleolusmicrotubuleintermediateNuclearMatrix (nuclearskeleton)filamentsnuclearlaminanuclearporeouter nuclear membranenuclear envelope1uminner nuclear membrane
Size: 5-10µm(high animal); 5-20µm(High plant) Volume ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm: 1:10 (9) Shape: Spherical or oval Contain: 4 subunits • Nuclear Envelope • Chromatin • Nucleolus • Nuclear Matrix (nuclear skeleton) Preface Chapter 7 Nucleus pl. nuclei
OuternuclearmembraneNuciearenvelopNuclearlaminaInnernuclearmembraneNucleolusPerinuclearspaceChromatinRibosomesSectionl. Nuclear envelopeI.NuclearmembraneII.Nuclearporecomplex(NPC)I.NuclearlaminaSection2.ChromatinSection3.ChromosomeNuclearporesCYTOSOLSection4.Nucleolus &Nuclear Matrix/skeletonRoughER
Section1. Nuclear envelope I. Nuclear membrane II. Nuclear pore complex (NPC) III. Nuclear lamina Section2. Chromatin Section3. Chromosome Section4. Nucleolus & Nuclear Matrix/skeleton
Section 3. Chromosome梁色单体I. Structure随体1. Four types: see the right短臂(p)II+次缝痕着丝粒主继痕）1长臂(g)12. Main subunits:亚端着丝粒端着丝粒中着丝粒亚中着丝粒2.1 Centromere:染色体染色体染色体染色体Centrosome(1) Definition: The highly constricted region of achromosome that is the position at which thepair of chromatids are held together.Primaryconstriction（主痕）
I. Structure Section 3. Chromosome 1. Four types: see the right 2. Main subunits: 2.1 Centromere: Primary constriction (主缢痕) (1) Definition: The highly constricted region of a chromosome that is the position at which the pair of chromatids are held together. Centrosome
(2) Function:EServe both as linker sites of sister chromatids, and as attachment sites艺①②formicrotubulesofthemitoticspindle（有丝分裂纺锤体微管）A美(3) Composition:CentromereDNA,Centromereassociatedproteins
(2) Function: Serve both as linker sites of sister chromatids, and as attachment sites for microtubules of the mitotic spindle. (3) Composition: Centromere DNA; Centromere associated proteins. ① ② （有丝分裂纺锤体微管）
(4)Subunits:3主要+1次要inner-outer①Pairing domain:Theinteraction siteforMetaphasechromatids(sisterchromatids)Includetwotypesofproteins:INCENP(innercentromereproteins):CLIP(chromatidlinkingproteins) These two types of proteins are responsible for the paring of chromatids配对结构域中央结构域着丝粒动粒结构域（主缢痕）y染色体臀着丝粒的结构域组织
(4) Subunits: 3主要+1次要 inner outer ① Pairing domain: The interaction site for Metaphase chromatids (sister chromatids). Include two types of proteins: INCENP (inner centromere proteins); CLIP (chromatid linking proteins). These two types of proteins are responsible for the paring of chromatids