柯赫氏法则( Koch? Rule):一种新病害的诊断和 病原生物的鉴定 在病植物上常伴随有一种病原生物存在; 该微生物可在离体的或人工培养基上分离纯化而得到 纯培养; 将纯培养接种到相同品种的健株上,表现出相同症状 的病害; 从接种发病的植物上再分离到其纯培养,性状与原来 的记录相同
柯赫氏法则（Koch’ Rule): 一种新病害的诊断和 病原生物的 鉴定 • 在病植物上常伴随有一种病原生物存在； • 该微生物可在离体的或人工培养基上分离纯化而得到 纯培养； • 将纯培养接种到相同品种的健株上，表现出相同症状 的病害； • 从接种发病的植物上再分离到其纯培养，性状与原来 的记录相同
Preweighted, dehy nutrient medium Disel led wa'er 之fu Nutr ent medium outecloved Autoclaved medium Nutnent med um is Nuterient mediu 20 at 15Dsi allowed 1o cool poured into peln dish solified in etri dish Preparation of solid nutrient media in plates petri dishes Nutr mec ium edges Distilled/ water Nutrent medium Medium is placed Tubes placed in rock Tubes autoclaved 20 Tubes placed boiled until funnel and ond plugged with 1 15ps slanted positi dissolved pouted into tuber cotten to solidfy Preparation of solid nutrient medio in test tube slants FIGURE 11- Preparation of solid nutrient media in plates (petri dishes) and in test tube slant
Isolation of fungal pathogens from infected plant tsst lesion placed in IO% clorox used to transfer with sterile popr otted Sections are Infected plant Sections from margin of Sterile forceps Tissue sections bl placed on for different durations sections towel to remove nutrient clorox excess medium in petri dish /签留 g→ Sections placed on In correct immersion A pure culfure of the pathogen is abtained by nutient media in le g 90)only the subculturing a segment of the pathogen growth order of immersion pc pathogen survives in in the previous plate into a new plate with ruir e medium time in clorox center of section and gr ows out of the tissue
第二节林木病原原核生物 及其所致病害 原核生物是指含有原核结构的单细胞生 物。它的遗传物质分散在细胞质中,没 有明显的细胞核。细胞质中含有小分子 的核蛋白体,但没有内质网、线粒体等 细胞器。包括细菌、放线菌和菌原体等
第二节 林木病原原核生物 及其所致病害 • 原核生物是指含有原核结构的单细胞生 物。它的遗传物质分散在细胞质中，没 有明显的细胞核。细胞质中含有小分子 的核蛋白体，但没有内质网、线粒体等 细胞器。包括细菌、放线菌和菌原体等
PROKARYOTIC CELL EUKARYOTIC CELL Nonmembrane bound nucleus Ribosome Membrane bound nucle membrane Endoplasmi Cell reticulum membrane Ribosome- Golgi bodies lamino acids. aml no sugars) M rein Vacuoles (polysaccharide) 01m Flgure 1- Comparison of procaryotic and eucaryotic cell morphology