Patl·General in 2.6.3 Other Standards the FDA and USDA in its role t su Other international,regional,and country-specific economic integrity of i ed f The organ h standards relevant to food with the FDA to prevent deceptive adv products.as affected by food compo sition and label the standards documents ast (xc) to weights and measures of fooc European Commission sets standards for foods and food additives for countries in the European Economic The chemical c important factor in determining thea Che In the United States,the Food m ee,which price of a food.Goverment agencies tha foods for special programs often rely on detailed speci ona fications that include information on food composition tion and purity of food additives and che icals (43) organizations have developed fooc For example,a company may s stan ard safety practics po grade CSaatresothrthanthcUnitodstatesadoptFcain tional trade.The Codex Alim cilitate inter VHOanada】 the maior international standard-se At an for el,the xpert 00 safety and quality.The International Or t Standardization has a series of standards that focus additives (44).The Codex s encouraged to utilize the stand er a JECFA.Standards established by FCC and JECFA are standards rela used by many countrics as they develop their own standards 27 SUMMARY 2.8 STUDY QUESTIONS Various kinds of standards set for certain food products Define the abbreviations FDA.USDA.and EPA.and by federal agencies make it possible to get essentially of what they prod standards of id et by the FDA and uspe a时 sist of.The USDA al agency establishe and regulates them programs are voluntary,while inspection programs commonly referenced source oluntary or mandatory,depending on ory or othe ouer most foods e.Specify the nature o regulatory agencies for certain foods.The USDAha that respons sponsibilities for meat and poultry,the t win verages.The FDA,the USDA,state agen- d. Grade A milk d the airy industry work together to ensur milk p ts The FDA.the RPA yof milk an work iogether in the nSSp t wholesomeness of shellfish.The EPA sha nsi hased by federa bility with the FDA for control of pesticide residues in and has responsibility for drinking water safety Give the names of four such specification eTiCOsitioncfetuemthomfioodprocesig and e marketed stoms Service receives assistance from decide what ingredients to use and
Chapter 2.United States Government Regulations ces should you use 8.Hui.YH.Brui and Ventre compleling your comany that processes fruits York a.Where.would youlok tofind ifa standard 10. U.S.Siandards for Grades of Orage r each of you Fruit and veg b.What U.governmental agency sets the standards of h products e fruit and vegetable products? ds called that aresetfor na oM (Updated co d.What government al agency sets the grade standards a quality ono oolan nspection Laboratory Pascagoula.MS. You are concerned about pesticide tolerances for the fruits an tables you process.What governmental f.What governmontal agency enforces the pesticide 13 nces Pesticide Residues)3rd ed.National Technical Administration,HFl-35,Rockville,MD. wan to ch EPA.199 nof No l would you look to nd those rue? Office of Water.U.S.Environmental Protection Agency You are con dering marketing ne ot your products 15.EPA 0 Cher practices specified for those products? by the VA 16.Eaton,A.D.Cles L.S.,and Greenberg,A.E.(Eds. 17.EPA.19 Methods of Chemical Analysis of Water and 29 REFERENCES 1983 EPA En Laboratory.Cincinnati,OH. Vetter J.L. B Fo Regulations.American 2.Food and Drug Law Institute.1995.Compilation ofFoodand Water.ASTM.West Conshohocken,Philadeiphia.PA s. Is.I and II.Food and Drug Law Institute, 3 Schumann.M.S.Schneid.T.D.Schu .B.R.and Fagel,MJ.1997.Fod Safely L John WileySons,Inc. Washington,DC. 20. t of Health and Human Staridards,Vols.I and II,2nd ed.John Wiley Sons tion.1999 Revision.Grade A lew York 229.U.S.Government Printing Office 200 9.222 ng Office. 1.Wehr.HM.and Frank,J.F.(Eds.).002.Standard Methods Washington,DC 07 Food Safeiy ion of Dairy Products,17th ed.American Tab alth Ass .10n May 1997.Environmental Protection Agency,Depart 17th ed.AOAC Internatio rsburg,MD. ervices,U.S.Department Health and Hu 7.Gould,W.A.1994.CGMP's/Food Plant Sanitation.CTI Publications,Baltimore,MD. ings of Interstate Milk Shippers.U.S.Food and Drug
32 PartI.General Information urisraion Center a 37.Clapp.S.1997 Codex Alimentarius le for world food trade.Inside e Program,Agricultural Marketing Service,U.S.Depart .om mentarius Com duction and proces Marketing Service,U.S.Depart- 39.Potter,N.N.and Hotchkiss,J.H.1995.Food Science.5th 26. of Operations.Shellfish Program Implementation Branc AS ISO 9000:2000 Handbook Eds,.200 so o enter r Foo Milwaukee,WI 27. USDA 1998.Technical DataS for the pr D C My supplement 6365 luna,( for Standardization.1996 sion,Agriculture Marketing Service,U.S.Department of 6th ed.international Org Washington,DC New York 3 Acade of Sc plement for ent of Frozen Ground Pork nd s ulture,Washington,DC Vols 1 and 2 with SDA mittee on Food Additiv d B items.TDS-136. May 199 Department 30.USDA 1998.C0mm odity Specification of All-Purr 2.10 RELEVANT INTERNET ADDRESSES US D partment Agriculture American Public Health Association DA.2 Phase of Pas eurized Process American http://www.apha.org/ DC-4.March 20.2001.Kar An American Society of Testing Materials Commodity Credit Cor ration.US Depar nent of 2DutgKa a City. C.org in Domestic programs Announcem and Firearms httn//www atf tr 2 Amendment 1,January 18,1996.Kansas City Centers for Disease Control and Prevention http://www.cdc.gov/ 33.An Description Syrup Code of Federal Regulations n /ara/ 34. te Desc iption.Tea,Instant btt// s.net/index_en.stm 35.USDA.1996.Institutional Meat Purchase Specifications Department of Commnerce rdTmithos8SadardsandTatnoegy ce,National Institute of Stan Weights and Measures ok 133.4th /ww A ericAdministratior Institute of Standards and Technology.Rockville MD. http://www.nmfs.noaa.go
National Marine Fisheries Service http:/ .n00a-80v .gov nsspman.html Agency service http://www.customs.ustreas.gov/ U.S.Department of Agriculture nttp://www.ftc.gov/ http://www sda.gov Food Chemicals Codex Agricultural Marke ing Service http://www2.nas.edu/codex usda.gov Food and Drug Adr ministration usda gov/standards A plied Nutrition Laboratory Testing Progra n.cfsan.fds od Nutrition http://www.ams.usda.gov/labserv.htm Food Safety and Inspection Service http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/label.html .fsis.usda-gov/ Food Safety Team http://www.fda.gov/opacom/backgrounders/ http://w a-gov/oa/ tean p. Haz ritical Co Grair In Packers, and Stockyards fda Administration gov http://www.usda.gov/gipsa http://vm.cfsan.fda.gov/~ear/prime.html Pesticides,Metals,Chemical Contaminants,and Natural Toxins Seakoodlhiowcsanfal http:/ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS /vm. dt html The author thanks numerous employees of the various encies and organizations who contributed informa http: /ww w.iso.ch/ tion and reviewed sections of this chapter
3 chapter Nutrition Labeling S.Suzanne Nielsen and Lloyd E.Metzger 3.2.2.1 Sample Collection 42 3.1.2 3 Re f199037 )42 3.2 Food Labeling Regulations 38 3.2.1 Mandatory Nutrition Labeling 38 3.2.5 Designation of Ingredients 48 3.2.1.1 Basic Format 38 3.2.6 National Unitormity and Preemptions Authorized 3.2.1.2 Daily Values and Serving Size 39 by NLEA 48 3.2.7 Other Provisions of NLEA 48 3.2.1.5 48 32 1 6 Colo es49 3.2.1.7 Protein Quality 41 et Addresses 49 3.2.2 Compliance 42 35